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The Symbolism of the Four Elements
The four elements in nature are earth, water, air and fire. In many traditions there is believed to be a fifth element which is a spirit or a perfect being.
The four elements are represented in many different cultures in many different ways, they also play a large part in fantasy and myth, for example the elements are extremely important in relation to witches who are said to draw their power from the elements.
Examples of cultures and different beliefs are as follows in Tarot and Astrology, Ancient Greek science and philosophy, Indian and Buddhist beliefs and Chinese beliefs.
Tarot and Astrology
In tarot and astrology it is believed that the ancients tried to understand or explain the world as being made up of these four elements. All matter, according to theory, is a combination of fire, water, earth and air. In Astrology the twelve star signs are divided into earth sings, water signs, air signs and fire signs, each personality exhibiting some of the traits of each element.
Water and Emotions
Water is the element of emotions, the sea has inspired many poets and in fact water is the element of the poet. Also being the element of emotions, the link between sea and human emotions is very strong. As with human emotions the sea erupts into waves that can be gentle and slow or unpredictable and life threatening. The element of water is also associated with the nurturing of the womb and the womb reflects the creative qualities of water. This also means that people belonging to the water astrology signs Pieces, Cancer and Scorpio are said to be very creative, confident, strong and charming. Also water signs are extremely artistic and free spirited like a flowing river or waterfall.
Earth and the Physical
The element earth is embodies in the physical substance of mountains, the soil and the life that is from the soil. Earth is the basis of all the other elements and it is from earth where we draw the materials on which society is based. Food and shelter are reliant on the earth as are the other three elements, the ability to contain and carry water, to contain fire, and to move with air.
The earthly signs in astrology are Taurus, Virgo and Capricorn. People belonging to the earth signs are said to be wise, serene, sensible and firmly moral. They are led by logic rather than emotion and are seen as strong nurturing figures like mother nature.
Air and Intellect
Air symbolises thought as they are both continually a present force in life, thought is as inescapable as the air we breathe. Thought and air are also closely linked in that to think clearly, it is necessary to be calm and focused, qualities that are often obtained from deap breathing and meditation. Many of our intellectual goals have been to do with air, for example, mans deepest desire is flight. Using air to make man fly has been one of the greatest intellectual feats of mankind.
The astrological air signs are Aquarius, Libra and Gemini and are the “thinking” signs and are determined, independent and dynamic. Air signs are said to be extremely successful and virtuous.
Fire and Intuition
Human begins initially knew fire primarily as a means of destruction. But when humans learnt to control fire and harness it’s energy, civilisation began to make rapid advances. This dual nature of fire as both a destructive and creative force harnesses the spirit of our intuition. In our lives we can relate fire to the removal of useless or destructive habits and the creation of a stronger self.
But fire is often used for its heat and light. When we get an idea in a sudden flash of insight, this is our intuition at work and it is said that the heat of our intuition gives us our energy. The astrological signs of Aries, Leo and Sagittarius are the fire signs and are known to ‘burn’ through life with fierce charm. People belonging to the fire signs are also said to have impulsive enthusiasm, but restless emotions also a fiery single minded natural leader.
The Elements in Witchcraft
It is said in fantasy and books that witches draw or call their power from the elements and that each witch has it’s own element and can use it in a unique way.
In witchcraft there are five elements but only four are used to draw power. These five elements are; earth, air, fire, water and spirit. Also in witchcraft the associations with each element are very much the same or similar to that of astrology and tarot. For example, just as in astrology and tarot earth is associated with the physical, air with thought and intellect, fire with power strength and intuition and water with emotions and the willingness to live.
Unlike astrology and tarot, in witchcraft, there is a fifth element, a spirit. Spirit is said to be the animating force, everywhere present, and everywhere abundant.
Spirit is energy, and it is eternal in essence. As we live in a physical world, and often are unconscious of the spirit world, which is often coexistent with our own, we are not able to perceive it because it runs on a different frequency than we do. It is said to be invisible, intangible, and affable.
This is the element that binds all the others into one form, to make them one and it is said to be the Mother and the Father of everything, and all magic.
Each element also has it’s own direction North is Earth, East is Air, South is Fire and West is Water. Also each element has a symbol or tool (for the purpose of spell casting) which are associated with them. These are
Earth the pentacle, often considered a female principle.
Air the wand or staff, often considered a male principle.
Fire the sword or athame (small sword or dagger) often considered male principle.
Water the cup or challice, often considered a female principle.
The combination of the four elements is sometimes represented by the cauldron.
Witches are written about a lot in fictional books and are seen to draw their power from the elements.
The Three Sisters trilogy books by Nora Roberts, are three books telling the story of three witches living together on three sisters island which was said to be created by three witches in the 1600’s. In these books the witches each have their own element and draw their power from that element. Also their personality is very much in line with their element. At the end of the third book a very powerful spell must be made by the three female witches and the one male witch.
These characters are Nell - Air, Ripley - Earth, Mia - Fire and Sam - Water. The spell they cast, as they call on their elements, is as follows
“Around the circle, light shimmered, deep gold. With the tips of blades, each scribed their symbols in the ground.
The first chant rose to the moon.
“Air and earth and fire and water, mother to son and son to daughter. Through our blood we claim the
right to call the power from the night. Under the light of the Moon of Mead, we ask to be given what we need. We seek the light, seek the sight.”
Nell lifted her arms. “From Air I come, of Air I call. I bring the wind to rise and fall. To sweep away
what seeks to harm, I bring to bear all magic, all charm. I am Air and she is me. As I will, so mote it be.”
And while the wind rose up to a roar, Ripley lifted her arms. “From Earth I come, to Earth I entreat.
Quake and quiver below my feet. The dark what’s mine will swallow, and none his fall will follow. I am Earth and she is me. As I will, so mote it be.”
The earth trembled.
“From water I come”. Sam spread his arms high. “Of Water I cry. Pour from the sea, flood from the
sky. To wash clean this isle of light and protect it from the hound of night. I am Water and he is me. As I will, so mote it be.”
As the rain lashed them, Mia threw back her head. “From Fire I come, of Fire I yearn. Spark and flame and cleanly burn. To purge this beast who hunts for blood, and from him shield what I have loved. I am Fire and she is me. As I will, so mote it be.”
Lighting flamed across the sky, spewed up from the ground. It roared in the air and sparkled like diamonds on the rain.”
This is a quote from “Face the Fire” by Nora Roberts.
The Greek Elements
The four classic Greek Elements were independently proposed by early Greek Philosophers. They were; Water - Thales, Air - Anaximenes, Earth - Xenophanes and Fire - Heraclitus. The philosopher Empedocles proposed that they all existed together from the beginning.
Aristotle saw the elements as combinations of two sets of opposite quantities, hot and cold, wet and dry. Aristotles view was ultimately the accepted one all through the Middle Ages. Aristotle then added a fifth element, Quintessence, which means in Latin, the fifth essence. Aristotle believed that the heavens where made of this element.
Indian and Buddhist Elements
In Indian culture there are three elements; Fire, Water and Earth which all have their own relative colour, food and body party associated with each element. Very similar to Chinese beliefs.
Chinese Elements
Like the Indian beliefs, the Chinese elements have their own colour, symbols, animals, etc. But unlike the other cultures, in Chinese culture there are five elements, wood, fire, earth, metal and water.
Fire Colour red
Symbol phoenix
Season summer
Planet Mars
Animal winged
Wood
Colour blue/green
Symbol dragon
Season spring
Planet Jupiter
Animal scaled
Earth
Colour yellow
Symbol caldron
Season between
Planet Saturn
Animal naked
Metal
Colour white
Symbol tiger
Season autumn
Planet Venus
Animal furred
Water
Colour black
Symbol tortoise
Season winter
Planet Mercury
Animal shelled
Mind that the sample papers like The Elements presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Thursday, July 12, 2012
Baskerville
We are ready to represent the best custom paper writing assistance that can cope with any task like Baskerville even at the eleventh hour. The matter is that we posses the greatest base of expert writers. Our staff of freelance writers includes approximately 300 experienced writers are at your disposal all year round. They are striving to provide the best ever services to the most desperate students that have already lost the hope for academic success. We offer the range of the most widely required, however, not recommended for college use papers. It is advisable to use our examples like Baskerville in learning at public-education level. Get prepared and be smart with our best essay samples cheap and fast! Get in touch and we will write excellent custom coursework or essay especially for you.
The Font, Baskerville was created by John Baskerville, a typefounder and printer in late eighteenth-century England. It is classified as transitional. As a matter of fact, with its generous proportions, the Baskerville appears not very different from its predecessors. But the difference between fine and bold strokes is more marked, the lower-case serifs are almost horizontal and the emphasis on the stroke widths is almost vertical.
According to Baskerville, The whole duty of typography, is to communicate to the imagination.
He and Caslon were the two great type designers of the 18th cent. in England. He began his work as printer and publisher in 1757 and in 1758 became printer to Cambridge Univ. Baskervilles first volume was a quarto edition of Vergil. His type faces introduced the modern, pseudoclassical style, with level serifs and with emphasis on the contrast of light and heavy lines. This style influenced that of the Didot family in France and that of Bodoni in Italy. Books printed by Baskerville are typically large, with wide margins, made with excellent paper and ink. His masterpiece was a folio Bible, published in 176. After his death his wife operated the press until 1777. Then most of his types were purchased by Beaumarchais and were used in his 70-volume edition of Voltaire. The matrices, long lost, were rediscovered and in 15 were presented to the Cambridge Univ. Press. Among Baskervilles publications in the British Museum are Aesops Fables (1761), the Bible (176), and the works of Horace (1770).
A towering figure in the history of English typography, he broke one tradition and started another. Before Baskerville, the standard English type of the early 18th century was Caslon - a tradition which stretched back to Aldus Manutius of the 15th century. John Baskerville improved existing types, ink and presses and produced a clearer blacker type than any of his contemporaries. Unfortunately, his type was severely criticised due to the thinness of the strokes. Critics maintained that his type hurt the eye and would be responsible for blinding the nation. It was a commercial failure and wasnt revived until the early 0th century.
He has been called the greatest printer England ever produced but was very much disliked by his contemporaries. He was regarded as nouveau-riche, provincial, and had unpopular anti-establishment views on religion. He insisted on being buried standing up in a special building in his garden and was thence branded an atheist. In 180, his body was dug up and used as a sort of local peepshow. The curious could view it for the sum of 6 pence.
Mind that the sample papers like Baskerville presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
The Font, Baskerville was created by John Baskerville, a typefounder and printer in late eighteenth-century England. It is classified as transitional. As a matter of fact, with its generous proportions, the Baskerville appears not very different from its predecessors. But the difference between fine and bold strokes is more marked, the lower-case serifs are almost horizontal and the emphasis on the stroke widths is almost vertical.
According to Baskerville, The whole duty of typography, is to communicate to the imagination.
He and Caslon were the two great type designers of the 18th cent. in England. He began his work as printer and publisher in 1757 and in 1758 became printer to Cambridge Univ. Baskervilles first volume was a quarto edition of Vergil. His type faces introduced the modern, pseudoclassical style, with level serifs and with emphasis on the contrast of light and heavy lines. This style influenced that of the Didot family in France and that of Bodoni in Italy. Books printed by Baskerville are typically large, with wide margins, made with excellent paper and ink. His masterpiece was a folio Bible, published in 176. After his death his wife operated the press until 1777. Then most of his types were purchased by Beaumarchais and were used in his 70-volume edition of Voltaire. The matrices, long lost, were rediscovered and in 15 were presented to the Cambridge Univ. Press. Among Baskervilles publications in the British Museum are Aesops Fables (1761), the Bible (176), and the works of Horace (1770).
A towering figure in the history of English typography, he broke one tradition and started another. Before Baskerville, the standard English type of the early 18th century was Caslon - a tradition which stretched back to Aldus Manutius of the 15th century. John Baskerville improved existing types, ink and presses and produced a clearer blacker type than any of his contemporaries. Unfortunately, his type was severely criticised due to the thinness of the strokes. Critics maintained that his type hurt the eye and would be responsible for blinding the nation. It was a commercial failure and wasnt revived until the early 0th century.
He has been called the greatest printer England ever produced but was very much disliked by his contemporaries. He was regarded as nouveau-riche, provincial, and had unpopular anti-establishment views on religion. He insisted on being buried standing up in a special building in his garden and was thence branded an atheist. In 180, his body was dug up and used as a sort of local peepshow. The curious could view it for the sum of 6 pence.
Mind that the sample papers like Baskerville presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Tuesday, July 3, 2012
Who am i?
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I am...
A dreamer who dreams and concentrates on the future and what will be accomplished.
A humorist who tries hard to perfect jokes and make people laugh.
An athlete who hates to run, but enjoys playing sports and working out.
A bookworm who stays up until a.m. just to read one last page.
A daughter who has struggled through two divorces and fathers arrest.
A romantic who loves to come up with cut little things for her boyfriend.
A liberal who believes in abortion and a women’s right to choose.
A teacher who is always willing to teach someone in need.
A student who has not yet been to college, but has struggled though her high school years to get there.
A Christian who believes highly in God and goes to church every Sunday and Wednesday.
A gymnast who works hard at perfecting those points and turns.
A swimmer that spends everyday during swim season swimming laps and beating old times.
A leader that guides and gives advice the people who need help and someone to follow.
A sister who helps her younger sister picks out clothes and melts little boy’s hearts.
A sleeper who doesn’t struggle in the morning to get up and turn off the alarm clock.
A photographer who makes her images into something she wants and not anyone else.
I love...
Dirt bike riding in Pismo through the sand dunes.
Wakeboarding so I can fly high.
Snowboarding for the speed and the rush.
Math because I can do it all day long.
I hate...
My step mom because she isn’t real and doesn’t want to be a Mom.
Fake people because there not true. They need to learn how to be themselves and live their own life.
Immature people because they need to grow up.
I am...
A multitasked because I can do several things on my own at one time without getting frustrated.
Wise because I try hard in school and make the right choices over half the time.
Sensitive because I care for others and about others.
In semi- good health because I live on fast food, but exercise.
I am...
THERESA MARIE ABERLE
Mind that the sample papers like Who am i? presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
I am...
A dreamer who dreams and concentrates on the future and what will be accomplished.
A humorist who tries hard to perfect jokes and make people laugh.
An athlete who hates to run, but enjoys playing sports and working out.
A bookworm who stays up until a.m. just to read one last page.
A daughter who has struggled through two divorces and fathers arrest.
A romantic who loves to come up with cut little things for her boyfriend.
A liberal who believes in abortion and a women’s right to choose.
A teacher who is always willing to teach someone in need.
A student who has not yet been to college, but has struggled though her high school years to get there.
A Christian who believes highly in God and goes to church every Sunday and Wednesday.
A gymnast who works hard at perfecting those points and turns.
A swimmer that spends everyday during swim season swimming laps and beating old times.
A leader that guides and gives advice the people who need help and someone to follow.
A sister who helps her younger sister picks out clothes and melts little boy’s hearts.
A sleeper who doesn’t struggle in the morning to get up and turn off the alarm clock.
A photographer who makes her images into something she wants and not anyone else.
I love...
Dirt bike riding in Pismo through the sand dunes.
Wakeboarding so I can fly high.
Snowboarding for the speed and the rush.
Math because I can do it all day long.
I hate...
My step mom because she isn’t real and doesn’t want to be a Mom.
Fake people because there not true. They need to learn how to be themselves and live their own life.
Immature people because they need to grow up.
I am...
A multitasked because I can do several things on my own at one time without getting frustrated.
Wise because I try hard in school and make the right choices over half the time.
Sensitive because I care for others and about others.
In semi- good health because I live on fast food, but exercise.
I am...
THERESA MARIE ABERLE
Mind that the sample papers like Who am i? presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Recycling for a better enviorment
We are ready to represent the best custom paper writing assistance that can cope with any task like Recycling for a better enviorment even at the eleventh hour. The matter is that we posses the greatest base of expert writers. Our staff of freelance writers includes approximately 300 experienced writers are at your disposal all year round. They are striving to provide the best ever services to the most desperate students that have already lost the hope for academic success. We offer the range of the most widely required, however, not recommended for college use papers. It is advisable to use our examples like Recycling for a better enviorment in learning at public-education level. Get prepared and be smart with our best essay samples cheap and fast! Get in touch and we will write excellent custom coursework or essay especially for you.
saDear Miriam
As a very good friend of your son he asked me if I could him a big favor. That big favor involves you and your addition to smoking. He asked me to tell you that he was very worried for your health because knows that you have been smoking for more than 15 years and that concerns him a lot. He really loves you and seriously wants you to quit before it’s to late. At school he got asked to do a project that involved the effects of the cigarette hers were he saw lots of different reason more.
As your son’s research said, 415,000 people die each year because just because of smoking. After ten years of smoking, each cigarette may do as much damage to the body as or more packs did when a smoker first started, so imagine what a cigarette is doing for you after more than 15 years smoking. I know that t the longer you have been smoking the harder it is to quit but noting is impossible as long as you have faith in your self. Another very interesting fact that he found was that in a smoking household the people have a 70% chance to be asthmatics just because of having a smoking person in the same house. Isn’t your son asthmatic? So I leave you with the hope of a good son that just wants the best for the woman that loves and cares for him the most in live.
P.S. I wrote this letter to you because he felt that he needed someone to trust and to be as sincere is he was. But mostly he didn’t what to give you a letter made by him because he knows you may ignore it like you have done all the time he mentions stuff about quitting smoking.
Sincerely
--------------------------
Francisco J. Rivera
Mind that the sample papers like Recycling for a better enviorment presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
saDear Miriam
As a very good friend of your son he asked me if I could him a big favor. That big favor involves you and your addition to smoking. He asked me to tell you that he was very worried for your health because knows that you have been smoking for more than 15 years and that concerns him a lot. He really loves you and seriously wants you to quit before it’s to late. At school he got asked to do a project that involved the effects of the cigarette hers were he saw lots of different reason more.
As your son’s research said, 415,000 people die each year because just because of smoking. After ten years of smoking, each cigarette may do as much damage to the body as or more packs did when a smoker first started, so imagine what a cigarette is doing for you after more than 15 years smoking. I know that t the longer you have been smoking the harder it is to quit but noting is impossible as long as you have faith in your self. Another very interesting fact that he found was that in a smoking household the people have a 70% chance to be asthmatics just because of having a smoking person in the same house. Isn’t your son asthmatic? So I leave you with the hope of a good son that just wants the best for the woman that loves and cares for him the most in live.
P.S. I wrote this letter to you because he felt that he needed someone to trust and to be as sincere is he was. But mostly he didn’t what to give you a letter made by him because he knows you may ignore it like you have done all the time he mentions stuff about quitting smoking.
Sincerely
--------------------------
Francisco J. Rivera
Mind that the sample papers like Recycling for a better enviorment presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
history
We are ready to represent the best custom paper writing assistance that can cope with any task like history even at the eleventh hour. The matter is that we posses the greatest base of expert writers. Our staff of freelance writers includes approximately 300 experienced writers are at your disposal all year round. They are striving to provide the best ever services to the most desperate students that have already lost the hope for academic success. We offer the range of the most widely required, however, not recommended for college use papers. It is advisable to use our examples like history in learning at public-education level. Get prepared and be smart with our best essay samples cheap and fast! Get in touch and we will write excellent custom coursework or essay especially for you.
While President Jeffersons policies were to a great extent diverged from those of Washington and Adams, President Madisons policies were much the same as the Federalist presidents. President Jefferson worked to change many of the mindsets and policies set up by the Federalist Presidents, while Madisons attempts were to extend them. The success of each administration was unique from each other, however both presidents were Republican. The difference in policies shows the beginning of the individuality, uniqueness, and freedom so harbored in the United States.
From the day of his inauguration, President Jefferson showed that his administration would be one of simplicity. He deliberately avoided the ornate way of the Federalists. Instead of insisting on horse and carriage parade-like travel, he would walk to his destination whenever possible. He also avoided making flashy speeches, and wrote letters instead of making speeches when it would suffice. Even at dinners in his own home, he insisted on round tables so that everyone would be equal. He considered everyone, men and women, government officials and farmers, equal in all things, and this philosophy was reflected in his everyday conduct.
Jeffersons simplicity also resided in his policymaking. He appointed people of his own party to his cabinet; James Madison was appointed Secretary of State. His entire cabinet, in fact, was Republican. In lesser offices though, he didnt remove any Federalists, he simply waited for a vacancy to appear. Jefferson also tried to repeal many of the laws created by the Federalists, with a few exceptions, such as the national bank. He also favored a broad interpretation of the Constitution, whereas the Federalists wanted a more strict interpretation. This was shown when the debate about the Louisiana Purchase began. He was in favor of implied power in the Constitution regarding the purchasing of such an enormous amount of land. In these ways, Jeffersons policies, while not always simple, were greatly distinct than those of the Federalists.
President Madisons policies, however, were much the same as the Federalists. He endorsed strengthening the central government and giving it more power, which was basically a Federalist mindset. He wanted programs to achieve things such as better fortification, a stronger navy and permanent army, a new national bank, and a big national university. Madison managed to secure an army of about 10,000 and a strengthened navy. In addition, he, like Jefferson, used a broad interpretation of the Constitution to justify the creation of a new national bank, which was passed. Madison also wanted a better-developed system of roads and water transportation. Again, he managed to find justification in the Constitution and received funds to build a National Road from the Atlantic coast to the Ohio River. All of his policies to increase Federal power were very much like Federalist policies such as Washington and Adams.
Both Jefferson and Madison achieved great things while they were presidents. Jefferson, however, had more Republican beliefs in that he believed in equality in all people, a less-obtrusive government, and a broad interpretation of the Constitution. Madison, while agreeing on a more broad interpretation of the Constitution, instead wanted a stronger central government and more governmental powers. Although the two administrations were both Republican, Jeffersons was uniquely different than the Federalists, while Madisons was much an extension of the same.
Mind that the sample papers like history presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
While President Jeffersons policies were to a great extent diverged from those of Washington and Adams, President Madisons policies were much the same as the Federalist presidents. President Jefferson worked to change many of the mindsets and policies set up by the Federalist Presidents, while Madisons attempts were to extend them. The success of each administration was unique from each other, however both presidents were Republican. The difference in policies shows the beginning of the individuality, uniqueness, and freedom so harbored in the United States.
From the day of his inauguration, President Jefferson showed that his administration would be one of simplicity. He deliberately avoided the ornate way of the Federalists. Instead of insisting on horse and carriage parade-like travel, he would walk to his destination whenever possible. He also avoided making flashy speeches, and wrote letters instead of making speeches when it would suffice. Even at dinners in his own home, he insisted on round tables so that everyone would be equal. He considered everyone, men and women, government officials and farmers, equal in all things, and this philosophy was reflected in his everyday conduct.
Jeffersons simplicity also resided in his policymaking. He appointed people of his own party to his cabinet; James Madison was appointed Secretary of State. His entire cabinet, in fact, was Republican. In lesser offices though, he didnt remove any Federalists, he simply waited for a vacancy to appear. Jefferson also tried to repeal many of the laws created by the Federalists, with a few exceptions, such as the national bank. He also favored a broad interpretation of the Constitution, whereas the Federalists wanted a more strict interpretation. This was shown when the debate about the Louisiana Purchase began. He was in favor of implied power in the Constitution regarding the purchasing of such an enormous amount of land. In these ways, Jeffersons policies, while not always simple, were greatly distinct than those of the Federalists.
President Madisons policies, however, were much the same as the Federalists. He endorsed strengthening the central government and giving it more power, which was basically a Federalist mindset. He wanted programs to achieve things such as better fortification, a stronger navy and permanent army, a new national bank, and a big national university. Madison managed to secure an army of about 10,000 and a strengthened navy. In addition, he, like Jefferson, used a broad interpretation of the Constitution to justify the creation of a new national bank, which was passed. Madison also wanted a better-developed system of roads and water transportation. Again, he managed to find justification in the Constitution and received funds to build a National Road from the Atlantic coast to the Ohio River. All of his policies to increase Federal power were very much like Federalist policies such as Washington and Adams.
Both Jefferson and Madison achieved great things while they were presidents. Jefferson, however, had more Republican beliefs in that he believed in equality in all people, a less-obtrusive government, and a broad interpretation of the Constitution. Madison, while agreeing on a more broad interpretation of the Constitution, instead wanted a stronger central government and more governmental powers. Although the two administrations were both Republican, Jeffersons was uniquely different than the Federalists, while Madisons was much an extension of the same.
Mind that the sample papers like history presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Tuesday, June 5, 2012
The one and only
We are ready to represent the best custom paper writing assistance that can cope with any task like The one and only even at the eleventh hour. The matter is that we posses the greatest base of expert writers. Our staff of freelance writers includes approximately 300 experienced writers are at your disposal all year round. They are striving to provide the best ever services to the most desperate students that have already lost the hope for academic success. We offer the range of the most widely required, however, not recommended for college use papers. It is advisable to use our examples like The one and only in learning at public-education level. Get prepared and be smart with our best essay samples cheap and fast! Get in touch and we will write excellent custom coursework or essay especially for you.
1 Evaluation
1.1 Effectiveness of the Solution
My final system meets all of the User requirements that were made.
• On-screen display of all the cars- I did this by putting all the car names and prices onto one worksheet.
• On-screen display of all the extras- I did this by putting all the extras and their prices onto another worksheet.
• On-screen display of car colours- I also done this as the one above but you cant actually see the colours worksheet when you’re using the system.
• On-screen display of quote- I have made the quote sheet so the user will have to type in customer details and have drag down the drop down boxes and select the chosen item. I have used seven drop down boxes. Also the prices of the selected items appear onto the quote and add up together with added Vat to the correct total amount. The customer can clearly see what will be happening on the screen
• Print out of quote- the print out is different from the quote sheet, only in the way it looks because it has no drop down boxes etc. It has been set out differently to the quote sheet. It shows the same information as the quote sheet and shows all the calculating stages for example price before vat and price after vat.
• Macros- I have used macros to do the short cuts that the user required. I have made two separate macros that will make the user go onto the cars and extras worksheet and then assigned them to two different buttons on the quote sheet. I also made a macro to clear the areas where the user had to fill in or drag down on the drop down boxes so it will look like a new quote, for this macro I assigned a button on the quote sheet. I also made a macro so that the final quote could be printed with out going onto the final quote sheet and then pressing print. The user only has to click on the print quote macro, which is on the quote sheet, which will print out a copy of the final quote.
I have made the system very easy to use and user friendly, the user will be able to use it without any training and without even looking at the user guide.
1. Limitations of the Solution
Below is a list of the various limitations of the system
• Once you have chosen an item from the drop down boxes for example an alloy wheel, only the name appears at the moment but it would be better if an image of the item would also appear on the screen. If I could do the system again I would make images of the item chosen appear on the screen to show the customer how it looks, and therefore if a mistake was ever made by choosing the wrong item you will be able to see the image and then change it to the chosen one.
• Once you have made a quote for the customer and had it printed for the customer there is no way to save the quote made, so if the customer comes back a few days later and doesn’t bring there printed copy, the company has no details of the quote made and therefore has to be made again. If I could do the system again I would make the facility to save the quotes made and give the quote individual reference numbers so you don’t get all the quotes muddled up.
• Also after you have inputted the customer details, they only get transferred onto the final quote (printed version), they don’t get saved so I would next time connect the spreadsheet to a database if there is a way, so if I wanted to contact a customer I could go onto the database and type in there name and it would come up with all there details.
• At the moment there is no front end to the system but if I could make it again I would make a front end and on that front end include somewhere to input the users name and their password. So that no one except for an employee could enter the system.
• At the moment I have password protected the cars, extras and final quote worksheets so that no one can edit or delete anything from those sheets without knowing the password. But it would be better instead of saying this “the cell or chart you are trying to change is protected and therefore read-only” it could ask the user to type in the password.
• It would make the system much better if the main menu bar at the top couldn’t be accessed or even wasn’t there, so the user can only use what is on the screen. Also by doing this, if someone quite advanced with using Microsoft excel will not be able to access the macros and disable them even if its by mistake.
• The validation checks on the post code aren’t that accurate as information can still be entered as 14567 or asdfghj, so therefore the postcode would be invalid, but at the moment the check only checks the length of the data in the cell.
• It would make the system better if I could have validated the cells D6 to D10 on the quote sheet for presence so that if the user had forgotten to input data into that cell, then a message would appear saying please input data. But couldn’t find a way to do it.
• At the moment the user can delete the titles on the quote by accident because I couldn’t find a way to protect them cells with titles in.
• The final quote (printed version) looks good but would have looked professional if it had a quote reference number on it, so if I had to make it again I would include one.
If I was going to do this again, I would try to include these in or at least try to get closer to doing these.
Mind that the sample papers like The one and only presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
1 Evaluation
1.1 Effectiveness of the Solution
My final system meets all of the User requirements that were made.
• On-screen display of all the cars- I did this by putting all the car names and prices onto one worksheet.
• On-screen display of all the extras- I did this by putting all the extras and their prices onto another worksheet.
• On-screen display of car colours- I also done this as the one above but you cant actually see the colours worksheet when you’re using the system.
• On-screen display of quote- I have made the quote sheet so the user will have to type in customer details and have drag down the drop down boxes and select the chosen item. I have used seven drop down boxes. Also the prices of the selected items appear onto the quote and add up together with added Vat to the correct total amount. The customer can clearly see what will be happening on the screen
• Print out of quote- the print out is different from the quote sheet, only in the way it looks because it has no drop down boxes etc. It has been set out differently to the quote sheet. It shows the same information as the quote sheet and shows all the calculating stages for example price before vat and price after vat.
• Macros- I have used macros to do the short cuts that the user required. I have made two separate macros that will make the user go onto the cars and extras worksheet and then assigned them to two different buttons on the quote sheet. I also made a macro to clear the areas where the user had to fill in or drag down on the drop down boxes so it will look like a new quote, for this macro I assigned a button on the quote sheet. I also made a macro so that the final quote could be printed with out going onto the final quote sheet and then pressing print. The user only has to click on the print quote macro, which is on the quote sheet, which will print out a copy of the final quote.
I have made the system very easy to use and user friendly, the user will be able to use it without any training and without even looking at the user guide.
1. Limitations of the Solution
Below is a list of the various limitations of the system
• Once you have chosen an item from the drop down boxes for example an alloy wheel, only the name appears at the moment but it would be better if an image of the item would also appear on the screen. If I could do the system again I would make images of the item chosen appear on the screen to show the customer how it looks, and therefore if a mistake was ever made by choosing the wrong item you will be able to see the image and then change it to the chosen one.
• Once you have made a quote for the customer and had it printed for the customer there is no way to save the quote made, so if the customer comes back a few days later and doesn’t bring there printed copy, the company has no details of the quote made and therefore has to be made again. If I could do the system again I would make the facility to save the quotes made and give the quote individual reference numbers so you don’t get all the quotes muddled up.
• Also after you have inputted the customer details, they only get transferred onto the final quote (printed version), they don’t get saved so I would next time connect the spreadsheet to a database if there is a way, so if I wanted to contact a customer I could go onto the database and type in there name and it would come up with all there details.
• At the moment there is no front end to the system but if I could make it again I would make a front end and on that front end include somewhere to input the users name and their password. So that no one except for an employee could enter the system.
• At the moment I have password protected the cars, extras and final quote worksheets so that no one can edit or delete anything from those sheets without knowing the password. But it would be better instead of saying this “the cell or chart you are trying to change is protected and therefore read-only” it could ask the user to type in the password.
• It would make the system much better if the main menu bar at the top couldn’t be accessed or even wasn’t there, so the user can only use what is on the screen. Also by doing this, if someone quite advanced with using Microsoft excel will not be able to access the macros and disable them even if its by mistake.
• The validation checks on the post code aren’t that accurate as information can still be entered as 14567 or asdfghj, so therefore the postcode would be invalid, but at the moment the check only checks the length of the data in the cell.
• It would make the system better if I could have validated the cells D6 to D10 on the quote sheet for presence so that if the user had forgotten to input data into that cell, then a message would appear saying please input data. But couldn’t find a way to do it.
• At the moment the user can delete the titles on the quote by accident because I couldn’t find a way to protect them cells with titles in.
• The final quote (printed version) looks good but would have looked professional if it had a quote reference number on it, so if I had to make it again I would include one.
If I was going to do this again, I would try to include these in or at least try to get closer to doing these.
Mind that the sample papers like The one and only presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Monday, June 4, 2012
Brand Community
We are ready to represent the best custom paper writing assistance that can cope with any task like Brand Community even at the eleventh hour. The matter is that we posses the greatest base of expert writers. Our staff of freelance writers includes approximately 300 experienced writers are at your disposal all year round. They are striving to provide the best ever services to the most desperate students that have already lost the hope for academic success. We offer the range of the most widely required, however, not recommended for college use papers. It is advisable to use our examples like Brand Community in learning at public-education level. Get prepared and be smart with our best essay samples cheap and fast! Get in touch and we will write excellent custom coursework or essay especially for you.
Introduction
A community is made up of its member entities and the relationships among them. Communities tend to be identified based on commonality or identification among their members, whether a neighborhood, an occupation, a leisure pursuit, or devotion to a brand. Through communities, people share essential resources that may be cognitive, emotional, or material in nature.
Brand communities are communities whose primary bases of identification are either brands or consumption activities, that is, whose meaningfulness is negotiated through the symbolism of the marketplace.
Definition
“A brand community is a specialized, non-geographically bound community, based on a structured set of social relationships among admirers of a brand.” It, like other communities, is characterized by qualities like a shared consciousness, rituals and traditions, and a sense of moral responsibility. However, as it is centered around a branded good or service, everything is situated within a commercial and mass mediated ethos.
Characteristics of brand communities
Like other communities, brand communities are marked by a shared consciousness, rituals and traditions and a sense of moral responsibility. Each of these qualities is, however, situated within a commercial and mass-mediated ethos, and has its own particular expression.
Consciousness of kind
The most important element of Brand community is consciousness of kind. Members share a we-ness. Members feel an important connection to the brand, but more importantly, they feel a stronger connection toward one another. The consciousness of kind found in brand communities transcends geographic boundaries. It is also characterized by a few processes like legitimacy and oppositional brand loyalty
Legitimacy is a process whereby members of the community differentiate between true members of the community and those who are not, or who occupy a more marginal space. In the context of brands this is demonstrated by really knowing,” the brand as opposed to using the brand for the wrong reasons. The wrong reasons are typically revealed by failing to fully appreciate the culture, history, rituals, traditions, and symbols of the community.
Brand communities are generally open social organizations in that they do not deny membership, but like most communities, they do have status hierarchies. Ostensibly, anyone who is devoted to the brand can be a member of the community, regardless of ownership. However, the devotion to the brand must be sincere and for the right reasons. Legitimacy is however not a necessary condition in all brand communities.
Oppositional brand loyalty is another social process involved in perpetuating consciousness of kind. Through opposition to competing brands (Coke vs. Pepsi), brand community members derive an important aspect of their community experience, as well as an important component of the meaning of the brand. This serves to delineate what the brand is not, and who the brand community members are not.
Rituals and Traditions
Rituals and traditions represent vital social processes by which the meaning of the community is reproduced and transmitted within and beyond the community. They are typically centered on shared consumption experiences with the brand and maintain the culture of the community.
Some of the rituals and traditions include celebrating the history of the brand and sharing brand stories. Advertisements play an important role in brand community rituals and traditions. Members are particularly concerned with advertisements as they represent the brand to those outside of the community, as well as to themselves.
The preservation of what the brand is and stands for is important to the brand community. Members often feel that they have a better understanding of the brand than the manufacturer does. They can be, and frequently are, critical of various aspects of the brand and/or its management. Brand community members play an active role in the social construction of brand meaning through accommodation, negotiation, text rejection, interpretation, evaluation, and use of communal symbol systems. Often the marketer is regarded as having too much say in the brands future and the brands very ownership is contested. Thus, these rituals and traditions represent an important aspect of consumer agency, and point to the social negotiation between marketer and consumer in constructing a brands meaning.
Moral responsibility
Moral responsibility is a sense of duty to the community as a whole, and to individual members of the community. This sense of moral responsibility is what produces collective action and contributes to group cohesion. A prime concern among brand communities being that of survival, moral responsibility includes Integrating and Retaining Members.
Brand Communities are intentional, voluntary, and partial in the level of involvement they engender and commitment is narrowly defined. Members are united predominantly by their common interest in a brand. Brand communities are defined in contra distinction to one another and gain their identity by their most apparent differences from one another.
Some other characteristics of brand communities are
· They are not restricted by geography.
· They are explicitly commercial; exist in full view, with communal self-awareness and self-reflexivity.
· Brand communities are less ephemeral and their members as more committed. Brand communities can be relatively stable groupings, with relatively strong (but rarely extreme) degrees of commitment.
Mind that the sample papers like Brand Community presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
Introduction
A community is made up of its member entities and the relationships among them. Communities tend to be identified based on commonality or identification among their members, whether a neighborhood, an occupation, a leisure pursuit, or devotion to a brand. Through communities, people share essential resources that may be cognitive, emotional, or material in nature.
Brand communities are communities whose primary bases of identification are either brands or consumption activities, that is, whose meaningfulness is negotiated through the symbolism of the marketplace.
Definition
“A brand community is a specialized, non-geographically bound community, based on a structured set of social relationships among admirers of a brand.” It, like other communities, is characterized by qualities like a shared consciousness, rituals and traditions, and a sense of moral responsibility. However, as it is centered around a branded good or service, everything is situated within a commercial and mass mediated ethos.
Characteristics of brand communities
Like other communities, brand communities are marked by a shared consciousness, rituals and traditions and a sense of moral responsibility. Each of these qualities is, however, situated within a commercial and mass-mediated ethos, and has its own particular expression.
Consciousness of kind
The most important element of Brand community is consciousness of kind. Members share a we-ness. Members feel an important connection to the brand, but more importantly, they feel a stronger connection toward one another. The consciousness of kind found in brand communities transcends geographic boundaries. It is also characterized by a few processes like legitimacy and oppositional brand loyalty
Legitimacy is a process whereby members of the community differentiate between true members of the community and those who are not, or who occupy a more marginal space. In the context of brands this is demonstrated by really knowing,” the brand as opposed to using the brand for the wrong reasons. The wrong reasons are typically revealed by failing to fully appreciate the culture, history, rituals, traditions, and symbols of the community.
Brand communities are generally open social organizations in that they do not deny membership, but like most communities, they do have status hierarchies. Ostensibly, anyone who is devoted to the brand can be a member of the community, regardless of ownership. However, the devotion to the brand must be sincere and for the right reasons. Legitimacy is however not a necessary condition in all brand communities.
Oppositional brand loyalty is another social process involved in perpetuating consciousness of kind. Through opposition to competing brands (Coke vs. Pepsi), brand community members derive an important aspect of their community experience, as well as an important component of the meaning of the brand. This serves to delineate what the brand is not, and who the brand community members are not.
Rituals and Traditions
Rituals and traditions represent vital social processes by which the meaning of the community is reproduced and transmitted within and beyond the community. They are typically centered on shared consumption experiences with the brand and maintain the culture of the community.
Some of the rituals and traditions include celebrating the history of the brand and sharing brand stories. Advertisements play an important role in brand community rituals and traditions. Members are particularly concerned with advertisements as they represent the brand to those outside of the community, as well as to themselves.
The preservation of what the brand is and stands for is important to the brand community. Members often feel that they have a better understanding of the brand than the manufacturer does. They can be, and frequently are, critical of various aspects of the brand and/or its management. Brand community members play an active role in the social construction of brand meaning through accommodation, negotiation, text rejection, interpretation, evaluation, and use of communal symbol systems. Often the marketer is regarded as having too much say in the brands future and the brands very ownership is contested. Thus, these rituals and traditions represent an important aspect of consumer agency, and point to the social negotiation between marketer and consumer in constructing a brands meaning.
Moral responsibility
Moral responsibility is a sense of duty to the community as a whole, and to individual members of the community. This sense of moral responsibility is what produces collective action and contributes to group cohesion. A prime concern among brand communities being that of survival, moral responsibility includes Integrating and Retaining Members.
Brand Communities are intentional, voluntary, and partial in the level of involvement they engender and commitment is narrowly defined. Members are united predominantly by their common interest in a brand. Brand communities are defined in contra distinction to one another and gain their identity by their most apparent differences from one another.
Some other characteristics of brand communities are
· They are not restricted by geography.
· They are explicitly commercial; exist in full view, with communal self-awareness and self-reflexivity.
· Brand communities are less ephemeral and their members as more committed. Brand communities can be relatively stable groupings, with relatively strong (but rarely extreme) degrees of commitment.
Mind that the sample papers like Brand Community presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!
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