critical thinking

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Chapter 1

Critical thinking is a thought process that involves more than just thinking. Is a process in which you have to go into details and not just a simple assumption. Critical thinking involves many variety of different point of views. Is a deep thinking that would take you more than just five to ten minutes to think.

The usual thinking is a fast reaction toward the action that was just made. For example you might think that a kid at times behaves bad because he’s in a need of discipline. You already added a conclusion with out even including the body. That’s when critical thinking comes in. Maybe the kid behaves bad because he’s in need of attention or maybe he has an attention disorder. Whatever it is critical thinking would go deeper into the subject before assuming right away.

At time critical thinking can also be used with others point of views. The way you see something might not be the way that somebody else sees it. This means that someone can be right and the other can be wrong. Unless if your hardheaded, you would have to put yourself in the other persons shoes to see their point of view. Critical thinking does that. It helps you think not only by yourself, but with the help of others. At times the way you saw your point of view it would change since hearing there’s.




This process doesn’t take a few minutes, but it takes a while and a little if dedication while your at it. Is a deep thinking process that can help you to think before you speak. Critical thinking just contains four things and they are Comparison, relationship, testimony and definition. When you add this to your critical thinking it would glide easily through.



I think Mr. Goodman’s assumption might be that he cares for more the students success and not just the money the weekly money he’s making. As for the assumption he made that grades should be abolished, I would have to agree on that. A grade shouldn’t determine the level of intelligence you have. Nor, if you pass the class or not, but it should be in the effort and hardship you put into it. Making determinations like this puts students to drop out of school and have low self esteem.

Albert Stein was a genius man, but yet he was horrible in math. If he would’ve been now in days in school maybe he would’ve not passed college because he would’ve failed math with a letter grade of D or F. So than he wouldn’t come out to be the man he is. Every one is smart in their own ways and I think a letter grade can not measure your intelligence nor a grading system. But it should be the effort and dedication you put into it. Many teachers at times pass kids with an A because their work was nicer than the others, but yet they don’t know if they cheated or had someone to do it for them and the other who did failed while doing it him self and involving more dedication to it. So what happens they quite.

This would connect into having a low self esteem. When a kid starts to get F’s in all of their assignments, automatically he’s known to be stupid and other kids might make fun of him and not want to join him when is time to work in groups. At times teachers might put him with others in the group that arrange his same grade. How is it possible that this kid is going to grow up to be someone successful.

In conclusion, yes I do agree with Mr. Goodman, and in every proposal he has in abolishing the grading. A men like this shows interest for our future kids success. I think this should be brought into every ones concern.



When Goodman says “the great majority of professors agree that the grading hinders teaching” he offers evidences with collection of essays , “examining in Harvard college”.

The arguments that might be made that grading assists in teaching is that maybe at times teachers just give work from the book to read and answer the questions. I think the process of learning is to be helped and have someone to explain it to you carefully and with patience. Not every student is a fast learner. Therefore we should have teachers that would sit down and teach our students with intimidating them. At times iv seen teachers just give a grade to a student because they already know that is A student or an F student and suddenly assume there grade. Other times we might have the student who are into sports that need a passing grade and they have there coach talk to the teachers and many would give them that grade. How are students going to learn with out being teach.

I do think the Goodman should have made more arguments and shown weakness. Because I’m pretty sure we have out there many people who disagree with his theory. And they have to see it to believe it. By giving more examples it helps reader understand where he’s coming from and agree with his topic.

When Botstein mentions that “teachers may find themselves spending more than half the year teaching specifically for test” I think he is assuring that this is undesirable. For the reason it might cause problem with time issue, knowing that not everyone learns quick enough and that many might have problems in one topic and the others might have problem in another. These might be a problem while trying to teach the kids for a test on time ready and to get a good passing grade.

Time issue might be a good cause because a test is know to be around the corner and you as a teacher have to know exactly what to teach in time for everyone to learn for that test. Many time we have holidays or teachers work days that make it harder for the time limit and leaving kids incomplete. Other times it can be the hours that the student has in class, the majority of the time kids only have and hour or so in a class, not enough to teach many things. By the time all the students are in and you take role and you go over the last week assignments to make sure everyone understood you lost half of the class time.

Not every one is the same. There for many students can be quick learners than the other. Some kids are known to learn things right away while others need time and dedications. This makes students frustrated and intimated when it comes to testing. For the reason the teachers have to try to have all the class ready at the same time and while others student that are ready has to hold back or waste time for those who aren’t.

When it comes of wasting times to get students for the test, I believe Botstien is right. While trying to tech a test that you don’t even know that’s going to be helpful for the next level, your loosing many valuable time and money. I think they should teach what should help you understand the subject of now to get you ready for the next not a test to tell you if your ready or not.



When Botstien clearly disapproves of class rooms teaching based on “forced adherence to bland state - approved textbook” I think he assuring that all calls room teaching suffers from this fault. I think I text book doesn’t help you very much and at times many teachers don’t even use it. Iv also noticed that at sometimes even some of the answers are wrong. Back in high school all these problem or another would occur.

I think text book doesn’t help you very much because if you got the wrong or right answer and doesn’t explain to you why or how you got that answer. Unlike a computer you can research and is like a professor explaining to you step by step. In a text book it shows you a couple of examples and from them you have to assume how it was perform. Like I’ve said before not everyone has the same learning order some could use a book other need a tutor to help them do so.

I’ve had teachers who has even touched the books. I would just leave it at home and not even bother taking it to school. Many teachers has creative strategies by using computers, videos, or performances to help out the students. I think this is a better way cause it helps the student interact with the class and yet not be bored and want to leave.

As for the text book being wrong. There’s been times that one or more students have the correct answer but yet it doesn’t match the text books. And at times the teachers reply is “the text book has an error”. how would that be possible if these are book that are suppose to teach us, not us to them. Than again a human made or wrote that book so there for is not perfect. But overcoming it all we at times might being learning something wrong that in the near future will confuse us with our other work.





Botstien reply to the compliant that he never tells the reader what the point of test is and what advantages it has to over come an educational regimes, with no testing what so ever, is that kids might learn more, and not be so eagle to drop out or give up. These can be points that would over to have no testing.

I think with out a test kids would learn more because they would have more time to focus in variety of things and not specific things that are given out in a test. I think kids would not have to be intimated when it comes to learning or passing the semester. speaking for myself many times I can know my subject, but yet when a test comes my mind goes blank. At times I can over come this other times I fail the test and earn a bad grade for it. This shouldn’t even be an issue because a little test. Many times kids even cheat in test and there passing with out knowing anything. How would this help them later on in the future. At times they might cheat not because there lazy, but maybe they just don’t understand the work and for they wont fail the cheat.

When at times kids are giving test in order to graduate or not this makes them really nervous. Many kids after the first time quite and drop out of school, and many of those kids turn out to be delinquents when reality there bright and smart kids. A test can determine a persons life and yet not have nothing to do with them. So when he argues with no testing not because I’m only a student and see it upon myself, but because I have friends that have been to a similar situation (I said earlier), dropped out of school and now have kids with a part time job not making enough not even for the rent. All this because a test.





If I was the editor and I would print out one of these letter the letter I would choose would have to be the first one , where it explains that a test doesn’t improve the person you are. It also only “measures a small portion of a child’s intellectual”. This one caught my attention because it over comes who is the person in reality and it doesn’t teach you much and it measures in a destructive manner.

When she brought to my attention that she’s a mother of three kids , for starters she knows what she’s talking about and she’s had some experiences. I would have to agree that a test doesn’t improve who you are. It doesn’t teach how to become a better person. A test measures you or who your “suppose” to be, other smart or in need of help. It just lowers your self esteem and doesn’t bring out the best of you.

Also the test might show a portion of your smartness depending at the test, but in real life maybe you have another ability that the test doesn’t show you. You might be good in reading and maybe not so good in math. A test would not help you out with that and ho can both can relate and help you. It also doesn’t guide you to a future reference. It doesn’t show up when you need a job like she mentions in her letter.

I support her every evidence and would gladly print her article fir the news paper. She makes her points and lets us know how a test only not measures for education, but in the real world as well. I hope her point of view is brought up sooner or later to readers.







When she says that tests “encourage students to exert more effort” I think she means that they devote this extra effort in trying to be better. I think she means that when a students sees that they failed in a test, they want or make effort not to fail again. And this helps out because they were given a test.

I think they are trying to get better because they noticed that they probably didn’t out so much dedication in studying, so now they know next time if they don’t want to fail, they would have to put more effort into it. In a way that motivates them to know how they are doing in the class and it would be a challenge of whose doing better and whose not. In the end maybe the feel proud to know how much they accomplish by studying and receiving a good grade for it.

It also helps with the extra help because if they failed they would want to know why and seeing them selves near there classmates it would to put them in a category alike to them. So would give that little extra effort in doing so. It also would help there mind be entertain with school work and for other classes ot would be a lesson not to get laid back again.

That’s what think when she mentioned that comment. This would only realte to me because I’ve been through and these were the reason why I improved in my test. I wouldn’t want to be left out. So therefore I’m sure she thought the same way when mentioning it.





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