Pat Parker Case Study

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1. Abstract

Pat Parker was a law school graduate who started a consulting firm that specialized in conducting opposition research and writing reports for political candidates, primarily for the Democratic Party. This specific case is about how Pat Parker developed a research report for Democratic nominee, Dale Jackson for the statewide Attorney General position. Two years later, representatives of the State Academy of Trial Lawyers wanted to buy the same research document on the Republican Attorney General, Terry Paine in what Parker believed to be an effort to inoculate their candidate during an upcoming election. Parker wasn’t sure how to proceed. There was the potential to be arrested for reselling the information, plus it could jeopardize the political party’s candidate.

There are several legal issues to be concerned with in this case. Would Pat Parker violate either contract or federal copyright laws by selling the research or the associated postcards to the State Academy of Trial Lawyers or anyone else who desired to purchase them? Could Parker sell the research to the State Academy of Trial Lawyers without violating the $500 maximum funding limit under the Florida Campaign Finance Statute? Would Parker be violating the Florida Voluntary Code of Fair Campaign Practices if he sold a report generated for one party to the other party? Also, if the items were resold to a third party, would Parker & Associates be violating any particular codes of ethics?

. Legal Analysis




The first legal issue to be analyzed is whether Parker would have violated contract law if all or any portion of the research document had been sold to the State Academy of Trial Lawyers? To determine if Parker would be violating the contract, a valid contract must first exist. Three elements of a valid contract must be proven, including competent parties, consideration, and mutual assent or meeting of the minds.

· Element 1 Competent Parties. For a valid contract, each side must have the capacity to enter into it. This case provides that Parker is a competent individual who willfully accepted an offer to conduct research for the Democratic nominee, also a competent party. We can conclude that both parties had the capacity to enter into a binding contract and element one is satisfied.

· Element Consideration. In order to hold both parties to the contract, each must give something in exchange. Money is the most common form of compensation. The Democratic nominee agreed to pay Parker $5,000 plus expenses to research their opponent, and Parker agreed to provide a report in return. The exchange of a completed report for money satisfies the second element of consideration.

· Element Meeting of the Minds, or Mutual Assent. This means that both sides must fully understand the details, rights, and obligations of the contract. Exhibit 8 of the case study, the agreement between Parker and the Democratic Party, provides clear, concise details as to what each party was required to do to satisfy their part of the contract. Therefore, a mutual assent or meeting of the minds clearly occurred when both parties signed the agreement, and the third element was satisfied.

Since all valid contract elements were satisfied, it can be concluded that the contract between Parker and the Democratic nominee was valid.

The original agreement, Exhibit 8, with the Democratic Party candidate specifically stated the “use of reports” which essentially said that the research and the publications used in the research shall not be used “for any other purpose, campaign, or person” and that the research was to be used “during the present campaign cycle only.” This type of bilateral contract basically promised that the two parties would maintain the terms of the contract between them only. If the research had been sold to another party during the campaign in addition to who it was originally created for, then Parker would have been in breech of contract and the Democratic Party would have every right to sue for damages.

However, the report that the State Academy of Trial Lawyers wanted to purchase from Parker was for an upcoming election that would be occurring during a different campaign cycle. The original agreement outlined that Parkers obligation would expire upon the determination of the last election in which the Campaign had qualified its candidate. It did not state that Parker & Associates could not use the research later, only that the campaign couldn’t. Therefore, it would not be a violation of the original agreement terms if Parker decided to sell the original report to the State Academy of Trial Lawyers or to whomever their firm chose to.

The second legal issue is whether Parker could sell the research to the State Academy of Trial Lawyers or other interested parties without violating federal copyright law. A copyright offers protection for original works of authorship. Copyright protection affords the author of copyrighted work with specific rights that the authors can give or sell to others or keep for themselves.

Possible copyright problems stem from two different items. The fact that the Democratic nominee contracted the work makes it possible that they hold the copyright on the research report. Additionally, when the State Academy of Trial Lawyers heard about the postcards developed by another consultant that were based on the research done by Parker’s firm, they wanted to purchase copies of those also.

According to the Copyright law, a holder has the right to control the material covered by the copyright. Copyright law also states that for research to be copyrightable, the material must

· Exist in a fixed, tangible form that can be reproduced

· Be an original creative effort

· Not already exist in the public domain

The information that Parker researched existed solely in the public domain. The consolidation of this information is still public domain, but the assumptions added to the publicly gained information established the report developed by Parker & Associates as unique. Therefore, the elements of copyrightable material have been satisfied.

The initial issue of who owns the work and therefore the copyright is confusing at first. The general rule is that the author of the work is the owner and therefore the copyright holder. Although the person who creates a unique piece of work is the author of that work and normally, the owner, there is an exception to that principle. Copyright law defines a category of work called works made for hire. For a “work made for hire, the purchaser or employer is considered the author, not the employee. Thus, the employer owns the copyright and possesses 5 exclusive rights granted in the copyrighted work.

1. Reproduction rights

. Modification rights

. Distribution or sale rights

4. Public performance rights, and

5. Public display rights

In 18 the Supreme Court ruled, that to determine whether a work is made for hire, it must first be determined if an employee or an independent contractor prepared the work.

The key item in this case is that Parker was an independent contractor, not a campaign employee. If an employee creates the work, generally the work would be considered a “work made for hire”. In this case, the Campaign was considered the purchaser of Parkers’ services. If a work is created by an independent contractor, such as Parker, then the work is a specially ordered or commissioned work, and it is only owned by the commissioner if the work is one of the types as follows,

· A part of a larger literary work,

· Part of a motion picture or other audiovisual work,

· A translation, or

· A supplementary work such as a chart, an introduction, an atlas, a test or answer material for a test, or an instructional text.

The parties must also expressly state in their contract that the work is “work made for hire”. This was not accomplished in Parker’s case. Nowhere in the contractual agreement does this statement appear. Since the research Parker conducted technically did not fall into any of the above categories and the “work made for hire” statement is missing, it can be said that Parker, as the original author of the work also holds the copyright.

There is also the agreement that both Pat Parker and the Democratic campaign manager signed. In Section 11 of the original agreement, it states that the Democratic Campaign can only use the research during the election year and not use it “for any other purpose, campaign, or person.” Between this, and the fact that Parker is the owner of the copyright, Parker & Associates, not the Democratic Party, has full authority to sell the research to whomever they choose.

The issue of the un-mailed postcards is different from the research itself because they were not actually written by Parker & Associates. Parker’s research was provided to an outside consultant that used the research data to create the postcards. However, Parker & Associates was asked to verify that the research they provided was sufficient to support the postcards’ claims.

For Parker to have a copyright claim to the postcards, there would have had to be a joint authorship of the work considered. If at the time the postcards were created both authors had intended their works to be part of an inseparable whole, this would be considered a joint work. However, from the interview provided in the case, Parker and the other consultant did not have such an understanding regarding the postcards; therefore the postcards cannot be considered a joint work, but rather a collective work.

In a collective work, each author owns the copyright for only the material they added to the finished product. Since both Parker and the other consultant have claims to copyright in the postcards, it would take the express permission of the other party before either could sell them. As before, the Democratic Party appears to have no claim to the postcards.

The agreement does not preclude the sale of the postcards with regards to the Democratic Party. If the other consultant had not been involved and Parker’s firm had made the postcards, the postcards would be under Parker & Associates copyright. However, since the postcards are a collective work, it would preclude Parker from being able to sell them to the State Academy of Trial Lawyers. From a legal standpoint, it seems that Parker & Associates have all the backing they need to sell the research, but not the postcards.

The next issue that Parker was concerned with was violating the campaign statute (though not provided in the case), specified that it would be illegal to give, and for a campaign to accept, an “in-kind” contribution in excess of the legal limit of $500, “through or in the name of another, directly or indirectly.” Any business that violated the campaign financing statutes could be fined or even dissolved. Anyone who aids, abets, or advises in violation of the statute could also be found guilty of a misdemeanor.

Parker knew that the research report was worth substantially more than the legal limit of $500, but was not aware of how the State Academy of Trial Lawyers intended to utilize it. If the State Academy of Trial Lawyers attempted to channel the report to the Republican candidate through a loophole in campaign financing laws, then Parker & Associates might not be guilty of violating the statutes. However, if the State Academy of Trial Lawyers were to give the entire report as an “in kind” donation to the Republican Attorney Generals campaign, then both the campaign and Parker, since Parker & Associates was represented in the report, would be in violation of campaign financing statutes. In this case, Parker would probably violate the Florida Campaign Financing Statute by having contributed more than $500 to a campaign indirectly through the State Academy of Trial Lawyers and would result in a misdemeanor offense. Parker could argue that the firm was unaware that the State Academy of Trial Lawyers intended to provide the report to the campaign for free or under the $500 donation limit.

The final issue of concern for Pat Parker was whether Parker & Associates would be violating the Florida State Voluntary Code of Fair Campaign Practices if they sold the research report to the State Academy of Trial Lawyers. The Florida State Voluntary Code of Fair Campaign Practices applies to potential candidates, but Parker was not a candidate running for any political position in the State of Florida. Therefore, Pat Parker could not violate this Florida Statute by selling the research report since the data presented in the research does not appear to violate the criteria established in Exhibit of the case study.

. Ethical Analysis

Would the reselling of a research project originally created by Pat Parker & Associates constitute an unethical action? Could that action be potentially damaging to either Parker & Associates or the Democratic Party? The evidence presented in this case is concerned with ownership and control of research created by one party for use by another.

As was proven by the legal analysis, Parker & Associates was the owner of the copyright for the research report that they created, and could therefore choose to sell it to another party if they so desired. There was an assumption that Parker had an ethical obligation to maintain loyalty to the Democratic Party since the firm had never done research for any other party, and would not sell their research to the Republican Party.

An ethical alternative would have been for Parker to not sell the research report to the State Academy of Trial Lawyers or any other interested party, thus fending off any potential damages to their reputation or to the Democratic Party.

Pat Parker had to address personal opinions and beliefs before a decision about the research report could be made. Pat Parker seemed hesitant to sell the case to the State Academy of Trial Lawyers for two reasons.

1. Pat Parker wasn’t sure about the legal ramifications

. The desire to continue working for Democratic candidates only

Parker & Associates was a successful business without doing research for any Republican candidates. The need for Parker to feel satisfied with a job well done was evident. Many times during the interview with Leslie Kent, Parker mentioned a feeling of pleasure when the candidates Parker & Associates had provided research to won their elections. That feeling transferred to job satisfaction and satisfaction of personal goals.

This case deals with an issue of whether it is ethical for Pat Parker to sell a research report developed for a Democratic candidate to a third party, with the possibility of the Republican candidate whom it was written about receiving it. Pat Parker had a feeling that it would be unethical to resell the research to the opposition party. Given that Pat Parker was a campaign research consultant, it can be assumed that Parker operated with a specific Code of Ethics. It can also be rationalized that Parker would live up to those principles in order to stay credible amongst the Democratic Party, whom Parker & Associates had conducted all of its business.

A Code of Ethics usually contains a list of principles that professional organizations wish their members to abide by. Yet Parker & Associates was one of only a few firms that specialized in opposition research. There was no established organization, and there was no established Code of Ethics either. It was essentially up to Pat Parker to decide the ethical stand that Parker & Associates would take. However, the Pat Parkers and Parker & Associates reputations were at stake if the wrong decision was made.

In this case, Pat Parker did not want to lose credibility amongst peers or current and future clients. Humans by nature require justification. They have a need to know why they should do something and for what reasons. Humans need specific criteria for judging what decisions are right and what decisions are wrong. It is usually not enough to simply list appropriate actions without an explanation.

Pat Parker in this case is trying to determine the right decision from the wrong decision. Ethical theories can be used to justify such decisions. Consequentialism probably has the best approach in this case. The theory believes that one can distinguish right actions from wrong actions by the fact that right actions will have better consequences. That the right actions will lead to the maximization of overall happiness. This basic form of Consequentialism is known as Utilitarianism. Therefore, if the final decision were to not sell the research to the State Academy of Trial Lawyers, Parker would have made the right decision that would afford better consequences. This obviously would proclaim Parker loyal to the Democratic Party and boost the credibility of Parker & Associates amongst current and future clients.

In trying to clarify what the right action to take is, codes of conduct are often a combination of both Deontological and Utilitarian approaches. In substance, codes of conduct are an expression of the deontological approach. They say, Here are the principles that should be followed. Whether professionals follow a more deontological scheme when formulating ethical codes of conduct or a utilitarian one, both are similar since they clarify the specific duties a profession is obligated to carry out.

From a Virtue Theory perspective, Parker needed to evaluate certain things. If a decision were made not to sell the research, would Parker & Associates still be considered a competent entity in the business? Using the Virtue Theory, the selling of the research would not satisfy any of Pat Parker’s internal or external goals. The sale would throw Pat Parkers character traits out of balance and would consequently be considered an unethical act.

Selling the research would not develop Pat Parkers character in any way and would be considered unethical. Although it appears to be legal for Parker & Associates to sell the research to the State Academy of Trial Lawyers, the ethical reasons show that it should not be done.

4. Conclusion

I believe this case raises an issue regarding intellectual property, specifically federal copyright law. The legal problems surrounding this case are basically about one research report that was written by one person that may have belonged to the client that commissioned it. Parker acted cautiously as though Parker & Associates owned the copyrights to the report they had created. Under federal copyright law, a specific category called “work for hire, “ which states that once a product is completed and turned over to the employer, it rightfully became the property of the employer.

However, Parker was an independent contractor, not an employee. Plus, no such language of “work for hire” ever existed in the research or the contractual agreement between Parker and the client. Therefore, Parker & Associates had every legal right to sell the report to anyone else that wished to do so without violating federal copyright law.

However, Pat Parker would have gone against the personal beliefs that had carried Parker & Associates for years if the research report had been sold to the State Academy of Trial Lawyers. There would have been a sense of betrayal or untruthfulness to the Democratic Party, which Parker & Associates had supported for many years.

Pat Parker could legally sell the report to the State Academy of Trial Lawyers, but would feel ethically and morally wrong for having done so. It could have opened up the potential for future clients, but at what cost to Parkers personal preferences or to Parker & Associates in the long run by playing both sides against the middle? Which was more important, the potential for increased business or the continued respect of the firms chosen affiliation?

I believe that Pat Parker would be better off taking the path that leads to both the legal and ethical right answer. Parker & Associates had the legal right to either sell or not sell the research report to whomever they chose. By not selling a report produced for one party to another party would put Parker & Associates in a Win-Win situation.

· They would maintain the respect of the party with whom they had done business for years by not having opted for higher revenues over loyalty.

· The potential for more clients from the Democratic Party in the future was greater since it would show them that Parker & Associates was both ethically and legally bound to the good faith trust that their clients had placed in them.

· Pat Parker would be satisfied knowing that Parker & Associates had not provided documentation to the party that was not aligned with personal preferences.



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India PEST Analysis

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1. Evaluation of Countries Using PEST

Comparative Evaluation of Germany & India Using PEST Scoring Template

Note See Appendix for the Detailed PEST Analyses Based on Which the following Comparative Evaluation Was Prepared. The Scores are Based on Our Assessment.

UK India




Comments Score Comments Score

Politics

Political Structure . The largest democratic republic, a hybrid of the British and US political systems. 4

Political Freedom High degree of political freedom, high degree of press freedom. 4

Political Stability Problems within the coalition government, the growth of nationalism and the intermingling of religion and politics.

Foreign Relations Increasing problems with Pakistan over cross-border terrorism. War on terrorism has left the region unstable.

National Security Several incidences of religious conflicts and tensions in Pakistan � occupied Kashmir. 1

Continuity of Govt. Policy Govt policy is not as stable in recent times.

Govt. Bureaucracies Problems between central and state governments.

Legal Environment A competent legal framework in existence, although sometimes, justice is equated with money.

Human Rights Record Central government accused in recent times of stirring up religious violence. 1

Level of Corruption High levels of corruption in government offices.

Political Risk High levels of risk, civil unrest, cross-border stand-offs with Pakistan.

SUB - TOTAL 6



Economy- General

Economic System A mixed economy but largely state-owned or public-controlled. Exceedingly volatile, influenced by implementation of economic reforms.

Size of Economy Ranked as the 1th largest economy in the world.

Growth Prospects Very high potential for growth. GDP growth registered an increase from 5% in 001 to 5.4% in 00. 5

Per Capita Income Per capita income is low considering 5% of the population is below the poverty line.

Economic Stability Facing an upturn after a spate of recent year recessions. 4

Interest Rate Deregulation of interest rates has eased financial repression.

Inflation Rate Reduced to below 5% in 00.

Exchange Rate Risk The rupee is not easily exchangeable, although it has strengthened in comparison with the US dollar.

Balance of Payment Current account deficit narrowed from 1.1% in 001 to 0.5% in 00.

Foreign Ownership Policy Restrictions on foreign companies lifted subject to specified investment obligations. 4

Size, Development & Influence of the Capital Markets / Stock Exchanges Huge numbers of listed stocks with free entry and exit to domestic and foreign companies.

Investment Incentives Recent reform policies have induced increased investment incentives to foreign investors.

Banking Industry Improved regulatory framework, a quest for lower leverage.

Taxation Regime A favourable tax regime in place. 4

Availability of Relevant Factor Endowments An abundant quantity of various reserves and minerals. 4

Economic Liberalisation Government influence on major industries, although large-scale privatisation has taken place recently.

Economic Infrastructure Not generally developed and is unreliable

Level of Informal Sector High levels of black-marketing at present.

Economic Outlook A marked improvement in 00, major steps undertaken for strengthening the economy in future. 4

SUB-TOTAL 60



Economy- Energy Markets

Market Size A significant potential for sales backed by an enormous population. 5

Price Control Regime Absence of independent regulation has lead to distortion of prices.

Energy Balance A huge demand but an inadequate supply.

Competition Improved scope of competition with the abolition of the administered price mechanism.

Opportunities Large-scale opportunities for domestic and foreign companies. 4

SUB - TOTAL 16



S � Social

Population Ranked nd in the world in terms of population size. Presents a strong market opportunities and potential 5

Labour Mobility The nd highest labour mobility in Asia. 5

Income Levels Unequal distribution of income amongst various classes.

Income Distribution A large proportion of population is below the poverty line.

Social Disturbance Social unrest caused by religious conflicts in particular regions.

Employment Levels Very high level of unemployment. 4

Wages Low wages offered to labour class. 4

Consumer Awareness Increased awareness amongst the literate population and gaining momentum amongst other classes as well.

SUB - TOTAL 7



Technology

Research & Development Significant opportunities for improvement in technology and R&D.

SUB-TOTAL



GRAND TOTAL 11

INDIA

India’s Social Realities

People of India

India occupies only .4% of the worlds land area, but it supports over 15% of the worlds population. The total population of India is more than 1.0 billion in July 001. Currently, .1% of people are younger than 15 years old and most of Indians live in rural areas, while the rest of people are in cities and towns. Life expectancy is about 6 years, 5% of people who are 15 years old and over can read and write. Also there is a -year compulsory education, up to age 14 and about 416 million work force is involved in different industries.

Culture

Because of the historic factor that Iranian plateau, Central Asia, Arabia, Afghanistan and the West have invaded India thousands of years ago, Indian people and culture have been influenced extremely and produced a remarkable racial and cultural synthesis.

4 languages are spoken in the country. English is the most vital language for national, politics and commercial communication. Although 81.% of the people are Hindi, India is the home of Muslims (1% of people)--one of the worlds largest Muslim populations. The population also includes Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Sikhs and Parsis. .

Education

The education system has been developed at the conceivable levels from pre-school to post doctoral level. There are more than 740,000 formal school sand more than .6 million full time teachers. Over 175 Universities are offering under graduate and post graduate courses and about 6000 colleges affiliated to these universities.

Religious Conflicts

Indias extraordinary diversity is often seen as its greatest strength, but religious, ethnic, and regional conflicts regularly pose significant challenges to the countrys democracy. Increasing conflicts between Hindu and Muslim have caused more than 5000 people dead since 18. Challenges to secure democracy, justice, and equality in a multicultural society become urgent and necessary in India.

Political Factors

The political arena has a huge influence upon the regulation of businesses, and the spending power of consumers and other businesses. You must consider issues such as

1.How stable is the political environment?

.Will government policy influence laws that regulate or tax your business?

.What is the governments position on marketing ethics?

4. What is the governments policy on the economy?

5. Does the government have a view on culture and religion?

6. Is the government involved in trading agreements such as EU, NAFTA, ASEAN, or others?

Economic Factors

Marketers need to consider the state of a trading economy in the short and long-terms. This is especially true when planning for international marketing. You need to look at

1. Interest rates

. The level of inflation Employment level per capita

. Long-term prospects for the economy Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, and so on

Sociocultural Factors

The social and cultural influences on business vary from country to country. It is very important that such factors are considered. Factors include

1.What is the dominant religion?

.What are attitudes to foreign products and services?

.Does language impact upon the diffusion of products onto markets?

4.How much time do consumers have for leisure?

5.What are the roles of men and women within society?

6.How long are the population living? Are the older generations wealthy?

7.Do the population have a strong/weak opinion on green issues?

Technological Factors

Technology is vital for competitive advantage, and is a major driver of globalisation. Consider the following points

1. Does technology allow for products and services to be made more cheaply and to a better standard of quality?

.Do the technologies offer consumers and businesses more innovative products and services such as Internet banking, new generation mobile telephones, etc?

.How is distribution changed by new technologies e.g. books via the Internet, flight tickets, auctions, etc?

4.Does technology offer companies a new way to communicate with consumers e.g. banners, Customer Relationship Management (CRM), etc?

http//wbweb4.worldbank.org/DistEd/Policy/Program/ (Arun K. Mishra , ”Technical/Vocational Education in India”)

same source as in footnote 4

same source as in footnote 4

same source as in footnote 4

http//asia.reuters.com

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Kiss my ass

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Joe Cole is set to be given a chance to make his mark on Sven-Goran Erikssons Euro 004 plans after being earmarked as Paul Scholes replacement against Denmark tomorrow.



The rugby world has been stunned by the retirement of the venerable captain of Australian rugby, John Eales. Whilst the Australian rugby administration ponders life without Eales, the Scots are celebrating a rare win over the Dutch. Despite being endowed with a team that has an abundance of natural talent, the Dutch were not able to counter the Scottish spirit and resistance.




Learning a new language is an inherently difficult task. However, as citizens of the new millenium, we must not be daunted by the enormity of the task at hand. We must say that yes, we want to learn new languages.

A useful new language to learn would be German. Though it is spoken by only about 100 million people, the economic significance of the German republic means that German is economically a more useful language than say French.

An American however would be more tempted to learn Spanish as it is a more useful language in the country. Given its geographical relationship with Mexico, it is hardly surprising that there are millions of Spanish speaking mexicans in the country.

The rugby world has been stunned by the retirement of the venerable captain of Australian rugby, John Eales. Whilst the Australian rugby administration ponders life without Eales, the Scots are celebrating a rare win over the Dutch. Despite being endowed with a team that has an abundance of natural talent, the Dutch were not able to counter the Scottish

Eriksson previously



The rugby world has been stunned by the retirement of the venerable captain of Australian rugby, John Eales. Whilst the Australian rugby administration ponders life without Eales, the Scots are celebrating a rare win over the Dutch. Despite being endowed with a team that has an abundance of natural talent, the Dutch were not able to counter the Scottish spirit and resistance



Mind that the sample papers like Kiss my ass presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!

Explication on "A Valediction: Forbiddng Mourning" by John Donne

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Written in iambic tetrameters, “A Valediction Forbidding Mourning” consists of nine quatrains and rhyming ABAB form. In this poem, John Donne is speaking about his love, that no physical separation can affect the love that they have for each other because their love is perfect and never endless. The title itself, “A Valediction” means an act of forbidding farewell. Throughout the entire poem, Donne uses a recurring image of a circle in different forms. He does this to compare the lovers and to show their complete and perfect love for each other.

In the first two stanzas, Donne employs a conceit comparing love to a man’s soul leaving him at the time of death. The line “ ‘The breath goes now’ and some say ‘no’,” (4), show that parting from each other can be as difficult to understand, as is the moment of death. In stanza’s three and four, Donne uses abstruse astrological terminology, such as “spheres” (11), and “Sublunary lovers” (1), referring to below the moon or relating to the earth and its inhabitants. In stanza four, Donne is telling us that the love from normal lovers below on earth, those who require sensual contact (“Whose soul is sense” (14)), can’t understand an absence from each other. His love is perfect (spiritual) and can’t be compared with the simple and physical things that constituted other’s love. The first line in stanza five, “But we, by a love so much refined” (17), shows that their love for each other is above everyone else; it is on a different plane completely. He even states in line 18 that their love for each other is so perfect, that they themselves can’t even explain it. Their love isnt affected by sensory things, such as eyes, lips, and hands (0), yet he continues with the rest of the poem trying to explain what they have.

In stanza six, Donne tells us that being apart doesn’t dull the love (1), and uses a conceit of gold. “A breach, but an expansion/ like gold to airy thinness beat.” (8,), Donne is showing that stretched over a distance and span of time, the love is too strong to be breached or broken. Between stanzas six and seven, there is a shift. He is now using abstruse math terminology to compare the two lovers to a compass. The alliteration “fixed foot” in line 7 is the perfect union of their souls, which the non-existence of one or both of the partners cannot bring an end to the love that is felt by both. This shows that the personified compass is the separation that the two lovers will endure. The compass in a way foreshadows the perfect union of their souls after the “fixed foot” (7), “makes my circle just/and makes me end where I begun” (5,6). This completes the circle conceit by bringing the story to its beginning.






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Drinking and Driving

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DRINKING AND DRIVING

Arrive Alive! Don’t Drink And Drive! These are the messages we see around us each day. Have you ever wondered about the consequences of drinking and driving? It hurts to even think about it doesn’t it! As the holiday season approaches people tend to drink more at family gatherings and social events. Unfortunately people often do not realize how much alcohol they have consumed as they get behind the wheel to drive home. Over the past years the death toll has increased due to drinking and driving. Many citizens are losing their right to feel safe and secure. And many families have been shattered of their dreams losing their able breadwinner. In view of these calamities, I believe such drivers should lose their license permanently.

Every six hours someone is killed by a drunk driver in Canada. Making this the largest single criminal cause of death in the country. Drunk driving is a problem that Canada has faced ever since alcohol and driving has been together. Statistics from National Canadians Against Drunk Driving (NCADD) show that in 17, 5, 447 young people died in vehicle crashes and that 65% of them died due to dinking and driving. Each year the death toll increases each year. Statistics also shows that most of Canada’s drunk drivers are between the ages of 15-0.

As for the second reason, drunk driving remains a serious issue that tragically affects thousands of victims annually. The lives of many are put at risk due to this. As “Charter of Rights Section 8” says “The citizens should have the right to feel secure and safe”. But with drunk drivers among the road citizens won’t feel safe driving. The reaction of citizens towards drunk drivers will only change if the licenses of the drivers are permanently suspended.




Besides robbing people’s lives and snatching their right to be safe behind the wheel, drunk driving also shatters family lives in some cases and leads to social problems. In such cases where the breadwinner of the family is lost due to drinking and driving, the family wouldn’t be able to function as usual. The rest of the family members would have to forget about their dreams and hopes. In my own experience I’ve seen my friend’s family suffer the consequences caused by drinking and driving. The father of two teenagers who were entering university and a husband of a disabled wife was lost recently due to drinking and driving. Since this accident, the children couldn’t enter universities because they had to take care of their mother by working rather than building a future for themselves. This and many other accidents are happening each day shattering a family’s hopes and dreams.

Therefore, I honestly believe that drivers who drink and drive should lose their license permanently. This will not only decrease the amount of death toll due to accidents but also give citizens on the road a safe and secured feel to drive. Families will be also safe guarded from unexpected disasters. Everyone should feel that driving is a privilage not a right and therefore it should not be abused by drinking and driving. No one has the right to play with the precious life, which has been graciously granted by God. Drinking and driving is dangerous and irresponsible. Don’t mix the two!



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Drained- Descriptive Story

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I switched on my flashlight. I didn’t know what to expect as I entered the murky forest. The only other source of light came from the bright full moon. The air was wet and thin, it smelled like a swamp. I didn’t like to admit it but I was afraid.

‘Come on Ivy, if you ever want to get out of this place you have to make it to the wormhole on the other side,’ I reassured himself.

I pointed my flashlight to the ground to see where I was going. An old looking path lead my way. As I went in deeper, light became more and more faint. I looked up and could barely see the, what was once so bright, moon. Massive tree branches stretched over such a great area above me, it made me wonder how such a tree could balance it all. They tangled into each other making it almost impossible to tell which branches belonged to which tree. They were dark, perhaps in the middle stages of rotting.

The trunks were colossal. It would take at least four people with their arms stretched out to surround it fully. The smell rotten eggs overtook me by great surprise. Almost as if someone had directly sprayed the smell in my direction. I opened my mouth so I didn’t have to breathe through my nose. The path had begun to lighten. It was hard to tell where the path was now that I was almost halfway. The immense tree roots didn’t help make it any clearer.




I heard a rustling in one of the bushes behind me. Fear struck over me like lightning. I quickly spun around and pointed my flashlight to it. Its bright rays showed the bush was dark and dead looking. I stood there, waiting for whatever it was to come out and surrender. Nothing happened. I continued down the narrow path, dodging large tree roots every now and then when the beam of my flashlight became weaker and weaker.

“No,” I said, starting to panic. I frantically searched my pockets hoping to magically find some batteries. No such luck. Within a minute I was surrounded by total darkness. It took a moment for my eyes to adjust. I stuck out my arms and tried to ‘feel’ my way through the forest. Before I knew it I felt a cold breeze run past me. I knew it wasn’t something weather related. I stiffened up. I kept walking, slowly, trying not to run into anything. I felt the breeze again.

All of a sudden something grabbed me by both my arms from behind. I couldn’t help but let out a scream. I started to kick and fumble around, hoping it would let me go. I kicked back and hit something. The creature yelped and loosened its grip. I jerked away from it and broke loose. I started running. I had no idea in which direction I was going, I just had to get away from it. By this time my heart was racing at a million kilometers an hour. It was a huge challenge to keep from running into bushes and trees. I kept my arms extended. The tangled tree roots made me trip. I fell. It was almost like everything was happening in slow motion. A stinging pain shot up through my leg to my brain. I felt the tears well up. I didn’t have time to feel the pain and cry. I got up and continued on, carefully listening if it was still behind me. The pain became almost unbearable. Each step felt like someone was stabbing my leg with a knife.

I had to stop. It was too much. I sat down on the ground. It was moist and wet, like it had just rained. I lay down on my back and inhaled deeply. The rotten egg smell had lifted. The darkness around me had lifted itself. I looked up and saw the yellow moon glowing. I was at the edge of the forest, but was I on the correct side? A large dark figure sitting in the tree caught my eye. It looked almost like a massive bird. I slowly got up. As I did, the massive figure jumped out and landed on top of me. I fell back down. It knocked out all the wind in my lungs and I was left panting heavily trying to fill my lungs up with air again. The creature lifted itself off of me and spread its wings. It was bigger than I thought, probably around three meters in height and extremely heavy. I got up and faced it. It was faceless. I couldn’t tell whether or not it had a mouth or eyes. It was blank; except for two deep red eyes. It had on a dark robe, with a hood covering its head. It looked almost human, I knew it wasn’t though. My heart was pounding. A huge knot started to form itself in my throat. It was became increasingly difficult to breathe. With a lot of effort I managed to speak.

”What are you?” I asked uneasily.

It didn’t respond. Instead it came closer to me. I backed up until a tree kept me from moving back any further.

Finally it spoke, “Just keep still, this will all be over soon.”

Its voice was deep. Like nothing I had ever heard before

“What? No, please don’t.”

It then turned its head and made its way towards my neck. That’s when I knew what was going to happen. I was petrified. I didn’t know whether to scream or cry. A second later a short stinging pain entered my neck. The combination of hurt in my leg and neck made me feel queasy. Everything became hazy and white.

“See, I told you it would be over soon,” I heard the creature whisper. It let me go and I immediately collapsed onto the ground. My head fell to the side. I had no more control over my body. There was nothing I could do to stop it anymore. I let it come over me like a huge wave. And just like that, it was over.



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dam dam

We are ready to represent the best custom paper writing assistance that can cope with any task like dam dam even at the eleventh hour. The matter is that we posses the greatest base of expert writers. Our staff of freelance writers includes approximately 300 experienced writers are at your disposal all year round. They are striving to provide the best ever services to the most desperate students that have already lost the hope for academic success. We offer the range of the most widely required, however, not recommended for college use papers. It is advisable to use our examples like dam dam in learning at public-education level. Get prepared and be smart with our best essay samples cheap and fast! Get in touch and we will write excellent custom coursework or essay especially for you.

The story Cathedral is written by Raymond Carver. who was born in 18

at Clatskanie, a logging town in Oregon.

The story starts with the explanation about a blind man (Robert) who is a

friend of the story teller’s (Bub) wife.




Bub’s wife has worked for this blind man named Robert in his office as a

secretary , but when she quit the job, they didn’t have a chance to meet

and were in contact by sending tapes to each other. Now after a very

long time Robert comes to meet her.

Robert is different kind of a blind person for Bub, maybe because for him

it is the first time to have a blind person as his guest . Robert isn’t

wearing any black glasses as usually blind people do. Mostly, Bub thinks,

blind people don’t smoke because they cannot see the smoke they exhale,

but Robert smokes like any normal person , and he drinks a lot too..

As Robert arrives at their house, they all sit down on the sofa, have some

conversation about the past days of his life, then eat dinner and drink

some scotch. After that Bub brings out some dope. They start smoking dope,

Meanwhile on the TV there is some program about a cathedral. Robert asks

Bub about what a cathedral is, so he starts explaining about the cathedral to

him and while explaining he gets asleep and the story ends.

The main point in this story is that through the story the narrator (Bub) is

being confused or in other word he is being jealous about the relation of his

wife and the blind man. For example in the start of the story it says “When

we first started going out together she showed me the poem. In the poem,

she recalled his fingers and the way they had moved around over her face. In

the poem she talked about what she had felt at the time, about what went

through her mind when the blind man touched her nose and lips. I can

remember I didn’t think much of the poem. Of course, I didn’t tell her that.

Maybe I just don’t understand poetry. I admit its not the first thing I reach

for when I pick up something to read.” This shows that the writer was

confused that why the blind man touched his wife’s face.

And in another place the story says, “They talked of things that had

happened to them-to them!-these past ten years. I waited in vain to hear my

name on my wife’s sweet lips And then my dear husband came into my life

something like that. But I heard nothing of the sort.” This shows that the

writer is expecting that his wife would say something about him also but

she doesn’t because she is only talking to the blind man about their past

days.

The main theme of this story is that the narrator who tried so hard through

the story to keep an eye on his wife and the blind man , sleeps himself at the

end by smoking so much dope.



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Investigate the concept and principles of marketing.

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KLP Travel


PAPER 1 Investigate the concept and principles of marketing.


The core concepts of marketing are a definition i.e. what do we actually mean by the term “marketing”? Growth i.e. how marketing has developed and the exchange process i.e. marketing conditions.


Before one can implement a marketing strategy, it is important to understand the concept. One of the earliest advocates of marketing Drucker, noted in 154 that marketing was not a separate management function but was in fact the business as seen from the customers point of view. He argued that marketing was “the distinguishing, the unique feature of business” (Drucker, 154). I believe that Kotler‘s ideas were not dissimilar, when in 181 he argued that marketing was “The performance of business activities that direct the flow of goods and services from producers to consumers” (Kotler, 181). My interpretation of Drucker is that he believed marketing was how the companies’ product and image is perceived and what attracts consumers and makes its successful. The difference with Kotler’s statement is that he believes it is the performance itself, although it could be argued that the performance has to be marketed initially in order for the customer to see it.





I believe that although the attraction to a business is the marketing of it, the success of the business is the continued attraction of new customers and returning of old ones. I think that Drucker (154) was suggesting marketing is how the customer perceives the business. I consider that in order to attract business it is essential to portray a business in a better light than its competitors are. If the marketing is unique, it will stand out. However, for the business to be successful, the performance has to live up to the marketing in order to keep customers and attract new ones. I interpret Kotler’s (181) explanation to be more about the performance living up to the marketing.


If you look further than the definitions given above by Drucker (154) and Kotler (181), they both believe that marketing is about the image of the company as a whole, not the work of one department but the responsibility of everyone.


The Chartered Institute of Marketing describes marketing as “The Management process for anticipating, identifying and satisfying customer needs profitably”. This moves on from Drucker and Kotler to mention profit. My opinion of marketing is the need to go one stage further than the competitors, identify, meet and exceed customer needs, ensuring a larger profit, and maximum clientele.


It is the desire to please the customer and surpass the competition, which is at the forefront of marketing today. However, this has not always been the case. In the 10’s, marketing was very product orientated, with the only aim being to make a profit. The manufacturer used advertising as an instrument of persuasion. There were no scruples, only the desire to convince consumers to buy products. Campaigns used themes like self-improvement (see Appendix 1), popular culture (see Appendix ), snob appeal (see Appendix ) and sex appeal (see Appendix 4). There is no problem in making your product look appealing but there were some very unscrupulous methods used which would be illegal today.


In the 150’s, there was a post war boom. People began to rebuild their lives and careers, earning more money. As a result, there was more disposable income, a target for producers. Competition increased, giving rise to manufacturers improving their selling skills in order to promote their products (see Appendix 5). A lot of marketing took place on television at this time. Nevertheless, I believe that this kind of marketing can lead to sellers misrepresenting their products in their eagerness to make a sale. As a result, customers may return unsatisfied if it is not what they really want. This is where the term delivery of value applies. Delivery of value is “selling goods that do not come back to people that do”. Both production and sales orientated marketing are inward looking, whereas marketing today is outward looking. Kotler said, “Marketing is not the art of finding clever ways to dispose of what you make. It is the art of creating genuine customer value. Philip Kotler http//www.kotlermarketing.com/ Accessed online 0.0.00.


Since the 180’s and 10’s manufacturers have been looking at what the consumers want and providing choices. It is not possible however to cater for every individual, therefore companies tend to group individuals together in the market. The market consists of actual or potential buyers and the seller offering goods or services to meet the requirements of the buyers. The product ranges are wider and the consumers have a large say in what they require. Internet advertising is beginning to grow, showing signs of following the trend of TV advertising in the 150’s, when it flourished.


The third core concept of marketing is the exchange process. An exchange is the act of obtaining goods or services by offering something in return. This exchange process takes place between buyer and seller. This is the heart of the marketing process. Henry Assael defines this process as “a dynamic process in which a seller requires payment to satisfy a buyer’s need for a valued object or service”. From the term payment, I consider, it implies a monetary cost whereas the glossary of marketing definitions, defines it as “all activities associated with receiving something from someone by giving something voluntarily in return. A library user gives time instead of money to borrow materials, but it is still an exchange. Personally, I associate marketing with selling in so much as you are unlikely to get anything for free if it is worth something, other than acts of kindness. Theodore Levitt expressed it, “while selling focuses on the needs of the seller, marketing focuses on the needs of the buyer” (p 4). This statement, in my opinion, implies marketing is connected to buying and selling and therefore the exchange would involve money exchanging hands for goods or services, similar to the description of Henry Assael. I believe that in order for any business to be successful it must be marketed correctly. This also needs to be an ongoing task, as the needs of the consumer are ever changing. Today companies cannot afford to be inward looking or outward looking competitors will cease the market.


So how do these core concepts apply to the Travel and Tourism Industry, where sellers need to manipulate customers in to buying their products and services over their competitors? In the early part of the nineteenth century there were very limited or no choices available. Customers were given the holiday with the offer to buy or not. Modern Tourism evolved after the Second World War when the availability of work and paid holidays led to more disposable income. Up until the late 150s most holidays were taken in seaside resorts or holiday camps. As a result of aircraft being left redundant after the Second World War and advances in aircraft technology, air travel became a possibility for the masses rather than the elite. Entrepreneurs saw the opening for the first package holidays combining flights with low cost accommodation in Spain. At this time there had been no marketing at all, as no research had been done into the requirements of the customers. Consequently complaints began to appear concerning aircraft safety, hotel standards and foreign customs. Early marketers in overseas holidays were developed in order to research these areas and improve the package offered to customers, followed by changes to comply with the Trades Descriptions Act (168). In the latter part of the century, more and more choices were offered as research illustrated what the customers wanted. The demands for some areas exceeded the capacity and therefore the marketing of these areas became one of demarketing, to stabilise the demand. Companies also had to concentrate marketing on improving the levels of service offered to maintain their existing client base.


The difference between Travel and Tourism and other high street shops , is that tourism is a perishable product. If a bed in a furniture store is not sold, it could still sell next week or next month, even if the price has to be reduced. A scheduled flight seat, however, is lost completely if not sold. This is a major factor when marketing and considering sale prices. Staff also play an important role in the marketing of a company, as customers today expect a certain standard. In Travel and Tourism this can be difficult as several principals make-up the composite of the package holiday. In order to be successful, staff must be well trained and aware of the needs and expectations of the customer. If this is combined with a good quality fair price package holiday, marketing the product is easier.


Thank you for listening.


Does anyone have any questions?


(allow 5 minutes for Q & A)





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Evaluating Intelligence: Challenging The Usefulness of Traditional Intelligence Predictors

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What is intelligence? Philosophers, educators and psychologists alike have debated this topic for hundreds of years to no indisputable end. According to the American Heritage College Dictionary, intelligence is the ability to acquire and apply knowledge, as well as the faculty of thought and reason. While accurate, this broad definition fails to identify the origin, influences, characteristics and components of intelligence. In attempting to understand the full scope of what intelligence is, many scientists have conducted extensive studies and research on intelligence and have developed many theories, each with different perspectives. Two such researchers are Jonathan Baron and Howard Gardner. In his book Rationality and Intelligence, Jonathan Baron defines intelligence as “a set of characteristics, which can be subdivided into capacities and dispositions” (14). In addition, he makes the distinction that rationality is not intelligence, but is a factor of it. Similarly, Howard Gardner, in his book Multiple Intelligences, theorizes that intelligence is a set of qualities, which are important as defined by situation and are limited by capacity and includes problem solving. Although both researchers seem to have the same concept of what constitutes intelligence, their focuses on what ultimately defines it are different. However, these differences are due to the area chosen for their research and, in my opinion in most cases, are merely matters of semantics. As a rational thinker, who was motivated to find the answer using critical thinking skills, I have come to the conclusion that intelligence cannot be scored solely on an IQ test, is the capacity to learn, think, reason, and effectively apply these processes to various situations, and that multiple intelligences exist.


What do IQ tests really tell us? Do these IQ tests really predict outcomes of complete intelligence after a student has finished with schooling? Baron believes that IQ tests cannot be good predictors of intelligence because of their inability to meet certain criteria and types of explanations that intelligence tests adopt. “We often think people ought to do better, other things equal, not just at schoolwork but also at doing their jobs, managing their finances, getting along with their spouses, and raising their children”(Baron, 1). This universal belief is not true in the least bit. A lot of people, who have done exceptionally well on IQ tests, have made choices in their lives that have been irrational and unintelligent. Both Gardner and Baron agree that these tests only measure the person’s ability to perform in the school setting, address only logical and linguistical problem solving in a limited time frame, and memory capacity for such information. As Gardner states in his book “Multiple Intelligences”, “IQ tests predict school performance with considerable accuracy, but they are only an indifferent predictor of performance in a profession after formal schooling”. IQ tests do not address other behaviors that are “intelligent” or acknowledge the “intelligence” of knowing how to find an answer through investigation.


Does the child, who just scored comparatively below his peers on an IQ test, really deserve to be looked down upon or viewed as not as intelligent as the others by his teachers and do the attitudes and expectations of the teachers predict the success of the student? Although neither researcher directly addresses these questions, both imply that, since all intelligence is not evaluated or addressed on IQ tests, children who have been evaluated as being below average should not be labeled as unintelligent. In addition, they imply that expectations of others are predictors of performance. Baron states, “the outcome of rational thinking depends on the thinker’s goals and prior beliefs” (6). Therefore, it follows that if a child believes he will fail, he will fail. Intelligence, to me, is not the overwhelming ability to store information or to score high on IQ tests. Rather, as Baron states, “intelligence is whatever helps any person, in any natural human environment, to achieve their rationally chosen goals”(Baron, 1).


Although Baron and Gardner agree that intelligence is not single dimensional, they disagree on what is a dimension of intelligence. Most notable is their contrasting opinions on the importance of muscle, strength, and body movement. Should we exclude physical condition, muscular tone and other factors that concern the strength of a person, as intelligence? Gardner’s theory says, bodily kinesthetic intelligence fulfills number of the criteria that describe intelligence. For examples, he cites the ability to play tennis or to dance as evidence of the cognitive features of body usage. His view on bodily kinesthetic is opposed to Baron’s. In Baron’s book, he dismisses the fact that physical ability plays a role in rational thinking or in decision making. However, I disagree with Baron. Many situations arise in which decisions are based on a person’s physical ability. An extreme example would be the process of decision making, and actually carrying out the act relevant to saving someone who’s been pinned down by a big rock. Initially, one must evaluate whether or not to attempt rescue and yell for someone else to call 11 or to leave the victim to call 11 oneself. This evaluation would, for the most part, be based on whether or not one is physically able to perform the task. If the ability existed, the process of the action would include unconscious calculation of mass, applied force, as well as many other “intelligent” thoughts. The end result is the translation of those calculations into muscle movement.





On first analysis of Gardner’s and Baron’s views on multiple intelligence, it seems that they are in opposition. However, further consideration reveals that they do not differ as much in theory as they differ in language and the meanings they apply to terms. For example, while Gardner believes in multiple intelligences, Baron believes that intelligence is not single dimensional, which are essentially the same concept. Baron describes the types of intelligence as “factors” or “dispositions” without clearly defining them. However, he does not discount the “domains of motivation or emotion”, which Gardner describes as “interpersonal intelligence and inrtapersonal intelligence”. The only real contention was discussed in the above paragraph. Baron believes that rationality is entirely a function of the dispositional components of intelligence. “Rationality in thinking makes for both rationality in choosing goals, which I have defined as a condition of effectiveness, and success in achieving those goals, which is effectiveness itself” (16). His focus on rationality of thinking does not negate Gardner’s theory. It is merely his area of interest. Similarly, Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences does not ignore or refute Baron’s belief that rationality is a factor of intelligence. The difference is that Gardner refers to “rational thinking” as “problem solving”, which he calls. Gardner states, “An intelligence entails the ability to solve problems or fashion products... The problem solving skill allows one to approach a situation in which a goal is to be obtained and to locate the appropriate route to that goal (15). Gardner’s focus on defining intelligent behaviors is a matter of interest.


My definition of intelligence includes the cited definition in the introduction. However, I further believe that IQ tests are good predictors of school performance, especially when an educator sets expectations by IQ evaluation, but not as predictors of after school performance. In addition, I feel that making rational decisions should be taught early on in school, and that teachers should always remember to treat children equally when evaluating IQ test scores. I believe that emotions, personalities and physical abilities are important factors of intelligence.





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what

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Imagine 1.5 billion Amsterdam hookers, lined up with their asses in the air, patiently waiting their turn at the end of your swollen joystick. If you were to somehow take one every minute, and abandon such primitive needs as sleep, food, or refractory periods, it would take you 85 years to fuck all those women. If you were to line them up all up in a cosmic daisy chain, nose to ass, those sweet whores would stretch all the way around the world � thirty-one times over. Can you even fathom the sheer volume of highly trained vaginal muscles? The practiced blowjobs? All those tits? Oh no thats not an essay... sorry i had no time to make my own im in a hurry hehe good luck with your web site .. who ever you are... huh 50 words is long hehe Appointed by God. Well, fuck, if a tool like George Bush can get a ticket from God, what do you do when your constituents worship TV? Cell phones? Latino amateur pornography? Tequila? Their own cocks? How does one appeal to these folk, get them to stop masturbating, and go outside far enough to vote this asshat out of office? To stop the tax waste? To buy 1.5 billion Dutch hookers and keep American men entertained for centuries? Oh, and any loony fucker who claims to hear God, Buddha, Mohammed, Allah, or whatever Indian Rain God those weird Central American natives dance to, will be subjected to gangrape and Hemlock, castrated, stoned, disemboweled, and ceremoniously thrown into a firepit full of Lions.


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U.S Attorneys Required to Seek Maximum Sentence

We are ready to represent the best custom paper writing assistance that can cope with any task like U.S Attorneys Required to Seek Maximum Sentence even at the eleventh hour. The matter is that we posses the greatest base of expert writers. Our staff of freelance writers includes approximately 300 experienced writers are at your disposal all year round. They are striving to provide the best ever services to the most desperate students that have already lost the hope for academic success. We offer the range of the most widely required, however, not recommended for college use papers. It is advisable to use our examples like U.S Attorneys Required to Seek Maximum Sentence in learning at public-education level. Get prepared and be smart with our best essay samples cheap and fast! Get in touch and we will write excellent custom coursework or essay especially for you.

In Washington, The Justice Department created a new policy in which federal prosecutors are obligated to enforce the maximum punishment for crimes. This decision reversed the policy the Clinton administration had established. Congress has placed restrictions on court judges to quit using old federal guidelines. Congress has also been examining more than ever the judge?s sentencing to make sure they have not been too lenient. Many people disagree with Congresses new ruling, and feel like this policy places to many limits on prosecutors? discretion and on plea bargains.


The Justice Department believes that this new policy holds a few choices that will allow prosecutors to maintain the right to categorizer charges below the maximum allowable sentences, including instances where defendants cooperate with authorities as part of plea agreements.


Officials from the Justice Department feel that the policy would better the justice system because it would ensure more equality among courts. But, many defense lawyers would strongly disagree with the Justice Department. Defense lawyers say that the policy would be abstracting the most important right that prosecutors have an developing cases because they will not be able to take an account the individual circumstances in each and every case.


The officials from the Justice Department have made it clear that under the new policy, they will still allow prosecutors to maintain all of the judgment in choosing among which cases they want to bring to court.





In my opinion, I think that is a good idea for Congress to require prosecutors to seek the maximum sentence because criminals might start to realize that if they commit a crime of any degree, their punishment will be severe. This may even start to lower crime because criminal will not want serve maximum sentence. Those who do still commit crimes deserve a harsh sentence because as the old clich� goes, if you can?t serve the time don?t do the crime.


In closing, many have their opinions regarding this new policy. Many feel that Congress has taken away a right that all prosecutors and judges should have. The Justice Department feels that this new policy will be a great guideline and will minimize any inconsistency among court cases.





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MAssster

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GINGERBREAD PRODUCTIONS PRELIMANARY PAGEANT


GET READY TO JOIN OUR FUN AND FAMILY!! Gingerbread


Productions of Washington, Oregon, Idaho and California is on a


mission!





WE WANT YOU!!


Date Oct 8th, , 001


Place Everett Inn, Everett WA


TIME 10 AM REGISTRATION, 11 AM PAGEANT STARTS


Competition will consist of Partywear, Sportswear OR COSTUME, photogenic, portfolio and talent.


Titles awarded will be


Grand Supreme entering everything except talent


Overall Photogenic and Overall Portfolio


Divisional Supreme King/Queen partywear, sportswear/costume and photogenic.


We will crown alternates in each age division and award divisional talent and portfolio.


AWARDS WE WILL AWARD BANNER AND TIARA TO THE GRAND SUPREME, OVERALLS AND DIVISIONAL WINNERS and A NICE GIFT. ALL OPTIONAL AWARDS AND ALTERNATES WILL RECEIVE A GIFT BAG.


Age divisions girls 0-11 months, 1- months, -, 4-6, 7-, 10-1, 1-15, 16-0, 1 and over married or single.


Boys 0-4, 5-10, 11-15, 16-0 and 1 and over married or single


Attire Pageant dresses should be age appropriate. They CAN be glitzy or not. Sportswear is a nice outfit of your choice or for the holiday you may wear a costume. Talent outfits are your choice.


Modeling in Partywear is STEP STEP TURN ONLY. Sportswear is FREESTYLE. You can do vogue modeling if you want but IT IS NOT REQUIRED. If you only do straight T modeling that is fine.


Photogenic pictures should be good quality head shots. Portfolio should not consist of more than 0 pictures, but have a good variety of full body and head shots.


NOTE GINGERBREAD JUDGES ON NATURAL BEAUTY AND PERSONALITY FIRST, THEN TAKES INTO CONSIDERATION YOUR ATTIRE AND HOW YOU MODEL IT AND HOW IT LOOKS ON YOU.


Talent minute time limit


Come and join us for a relaxing day of good competition and fun. Please call Barb at 60-871-7 or Cindy at 60-568-106 or email Barb at HYPERLINK mailtobarbgpa@aol.com barbgpa@aol.com with any questions.


ALL FEES MUST BE IN CASH OR MONEY ORDER ONLY. NO CHECKS WILL BE EXCPETED.


MAIL TO CINDY SLIND 511 1TH ST SNOHOMISH WA 80


YOU CAN PAY CASH AT THE DOOR, BUT PLEASE CALL US IF YOU PLAN ON ATTENDING AND ENTERING AT THE DOOR. You may also paypal your entry fees. The account name is Gingerbread Productions, email address HYPERLINK mailtogingerbabies@aol.com gingerbabies@aol.com . Contact name Barbara Bontrager, then email your entry form.





ENTRY FORM


NAME_________________________________ AGE___________


BIRTHDATE__________________


SPONSORS____________________________________________


AMBITION____________________________________________


FEES PARTYWEAR, SPORTSWEAR/COSTUME, PHOTOGENIC $0.00


OPTIONAL PORTFOLIO $10.00 TALENT $10.00


GRAND SUPREME AWARDED FROM PARTYWEAR, SPORTSWEAR/COSTUME, PHOTOGENIC AND PORTFOLIO


DIVISIONAL TITLES AWARDED FROM PARTYWEAR, SPORTSWEAR/COSTUME AND PHOTOGENIC


ENTERING PARTYWEAR__ SPORTSWEAR/COSTUME__


PHOTOGENIC__ PORTFOLIO__ TALENT___


NAME_________________________EMAIL_______________


ADDRESS____________________________________________


PHONE__________________________


GOOD LUCK AND HOPE TO SEE YOU ALL SOON!


NOTE THIS IS OUR HALLOWEEN PRELIM!!!! BECAUSE OF SOME PEOPLES BELIEFS, WE HAVE DECIDED TO DO EITHER SPORTSWEAR OR COSTUME. IT IS YOUR CHOICE. YOU WILL NOT BE DISCOUNTED POINTS IF YOU DO NOT WEAR A COSTUME.


BECAUSE WE DO HAVE SMALL CHILDREN ATTENDING THE PAGEANT, PLEASE DO NOT WEAR EXTREMELY SCARY COSTUMES.


PLEASE REMEMBER GOOD SPORTSMANSHIP AND MOST OF ALL HAVE FUN.


SEE YOU ALL SOON.


CALL IF YOU HAVE QUESTIONS


BARB 60-871-7





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modern politics

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It is importand because we need to know about life today and what is going on around us and what we are living in. our environment is an important issue which i feel is not adressed enough in terms of sociallly and economically we lack knowledge and orgin to these areas. take manchester united they are a multi million pound organisation and they give to the publin in many ways , they allow corportate investment which in turn allows the public sector to create jobs and not just issue fines to people for no apparent reason. with players such as fletcher and davenport they are bound for success and i feel that they fully deserve this despiye ridicule from the publisc sector. the porn industry helps lonely boys to comfort themselves in times of strain just as manchester united does in their helping of surrounding communities in their local are. how much wood can o wood chuck chuck is the question on everyones lips at the moment and we are left stranded on this mountain side waiting for the rescue services to come to our aid.i hope that this essay has been informative to both you and yours in your quest for happiness in this relentless world . when i get that feeling i gotta say when i get that feeling. roy wolfe is everyones heroe in some or another with his good looks and amazing fashion sense. again i hope that you like this as i much as i have hated writing it as i only wrote this crap to become a member and rob other peoples essays.


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Cheating Easily, But Poorly

We are ready to represent the best custom paper writing assistance that can cope with any task like Cheating Easily, But Poorly even at the eleventh hour. The matter is that we posses the greatest base of expert writers. Our staff of freelance writers includes approximately 300 experienced writers are at your disposal all year round. They are striving to provide the best ever services to the most desperate students that have already lost the hope for academic success. We offer the range of the most widely required, however, not recommended for college use papers. It is advisable to use our examples like Cheating Easily, But Poorly in learning at public-education level. Get prepared and be smart with our best essay samples cheap and fast! Get in touch and we will write excellent custom coursework or essay especially for you.

Every summer I look forward to at least one fun-filled day spent on the grounds of Summerfest. Last year was probably the winner and champion of all my experiences at Summerfest. It just so happened that the night I went down to Summerfest with my friends, we were going to see Shania Twain in concert. We were all pumped for the show and excited to be there. We got there about ½ hours before the concert started and everyone was starving so we decided to find something to eat.


After stuffing our face with food we took the Large Pepsi with us as we walked around to the different stages where live bands were playing. One of my friends wanted to go on the sky glider, but everyone declined as we took one stare up at the hanging chair lifts on the wire cable. We all laughed, as we told our friend that maybe next time we would pay a visit to the hang glider. While half way laughing, I went to take a sip of my soda and --oh my gosh! -- I dropped the cup immediately at the sight that I saw. Some adorable sweet heart hawked a lugy in my cup.


Needless to say I must have been the easy target for some idiots, I mean for some hunks to get a few chuckles. If I would have been able to find the culprit would did this sweet and innocent deed I would have personally sought him out to thank him. Truly, he must get the prize award for the best aim because everyone agrees he hit the bulls-eye, hitting the bulls-eye and leaving me with a nauseated feeling, a gagging sensation, a batch of uncontrollable laughter from my friends. This lasted the whole entire night thank you very much…





“Diana, are you thirsty?” my friend Julia asked.


“Ha, Ha Ha! Very funny,” I shouted over the music playing in the background. Of course she started snickering and my other friends joined in right away with her.


Later that night, in the ride home from the concert Julia announced, “My throat is very dry, can we stop to get a soda.”


“Ya, just make sure it is tightly sealed and no one has spit in it,” answered my friend Pam.


As you can see, I will never be able to live this down.


I can’t emphasize how much I love it when guys spit. On the ground, in the water, in the sky. You name the place, I love it. The best is when a guy sucks in his snot and then gargles their saliva to make a big slimy spit ball. How cool is that? I wish there were some place I could take lessons on how to do some of that amazing trick work.


The biggest turn on is that flem rattling sound in there mouth. The fact that guys have lugy contests well, how awesome is that? Sign me up; I know I’ll be the first one in line for that. The one that spits the farthest is the most macho man of them all. Why, if my man came home with that award I just might smooch him.


I especially like it when I’m walking innocently and a handsome guy spits on the ground. Of course, you were too busy day dreaming of your first date with him that you walk right into that pile of goober on the side walk. The fact that you saw him do it and then it was too late to change your path way around the spot of the drop just makes me the happiest person alive. Why that’s got to be the best feeling alive.


The best part about the guys that do spit is not just because they have this single urge to clear their throat. Oh no. Most of them repeatedly form their mouth and shot out their ammunition on a constant basis. Why only do it once when you can use it as a habit?


Now I’m not saying all men have this great habit. I’m just trying to get across the fact how much it attracts me to that certain individual. The women that look at men who do this and call them pigs? Well, I have no idea what they are talking about. Do you?


Cheating is dumb. The essays are of very poor quality.


Thee end.


Mind that the sample papers like Cheating Easily, But Poorly presented are to be used for review only. In order to warn you and eliminate any plagiarism writing intentions, it is highly recommended not to use the essays in class. In cases you experience difficulties with essay writing in class and for in class use, order original papers with our expert writers. Cheap custom papers can be written from scratch for each customer that entrusts his or her academic success to our writing team. Order your unique assignment from the best custom writing services cheap and fast!